Amakuru - Ihame ryakazi ryibikoresho bya Spindle - Kurekura no gufatira muri Centre yimashini za CNC

Ihame ryakazi ryigikoresho cya Spindle - Kurekura no gufunga muri Centre yimashini ya CNC

Abstract: Uru rupapuro rusobanura mu buryo burambuye ku miterere shingiro n’ihame ryakazi ryuburyo bwa spindle ibikoresho-byoroshya no gufunga ibikoresho muri santeri yimashini za CNC, harimo ibice bigize ibice bitandukanye, inzira yakazi, nibipimo byingenzi. Igamije gusesengura byimazeyo imikorere yimbere yiki gikorwa cyingenzi, gutanga ibitekerezo byerekeranye nabakozi bashinzwe tekinike bireba, kubafasha kumva neza no kubungabunga sisitemu ya spindle ya santeri yimashini za CNC, no gukora neza kandi neza neza mubikorwa byo gutunganya.

I. Intangiriro

Imikorere ya spindle ibikoresho-kurekura no gufatira mu bigo bitunganya ni umusingi wingenzi kubigo bitunganya CNC kugirango bigere kumashini zikoresha. Nubwo hari itandukaniro muburyo bwimiterere nihame ryakazi muburyo butandukanye, ibyingenzi birasa. Ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku ihame ryabwo ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kunoza imikorere y’ibigo bitunganya imashini, kwemeza ubuziranenge bw’imashini, no kunoza ibikoresho.

II. Imiterere shingiro

Uburyo bwa spindle ibikoresho-kurekura no gufatira mu bigo bitunganya CNC bigizwe ahanini nibice bikurikira:

Gukurura Inyigo: Yashyizwe kumurizo wigikoresho cyafashwe nigikoresho, ni urufunguzo ruhuza ibice byo gukurura inkoni. Ifatanya nudupira twicyuma kumutwe winkoni yo gukurura kugirango ugere kumwanya no gufunga igikoresho.
Kurura inkoni: Binyuze mu mikoranire na sitidiyo ikurura ikoresheje imipira yicyuma, itanga imbaraga zingutu kandi zitera imbaraga kugirango tumenye ibikorwa byo gufunga no kurekura igikoresho. Imyitwarire yacyo igenzurwa na piston n'amasoko.
Pulley: Mubisanzwe bikora nk'urwego ruciriritse rwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, muburyo bwa spindle ibikoresho-kurekura no gufunga, birashobora kugira uruhare mumiyoboro yohereza itwara urujya n'uruza rw'ibigize. Kurugero, irashobora guhuzwa na hydraulic sisitemu cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byo gutwara kugirango bigendere ibice nka piston.
Isoko rya Belleville: Igizwe na joriji nyinshi yamababi yimpeshyi, nikintu cyingenzi cyo kubyara imbaraga zo gukurura igikoresho. Imbaraga zikomeye za elastique zirashobora kwemeza ko igikoresho gishyizwe neza mumwobo wapanze wa spindle mugihe cyo gutunganya, byemeza neza ko gukora neza.
Gufunga ibinyomoro: Byakoreshejwe mugukosora ibice nkisoko ya Belleville kugirango bibabuze kurekura mugihe cyakazi kandi byemeze ko bihamye kandi byizewe byuburyo bwose bwo kurekura no gufunga ibikoresho.
Guhindura Shim: Mugusya shim ihindura, imiterere ihuza hagati yinkoni ikurura na sitidiyo ikurura kumpera ya piston irashobora kugenzurwa neza, bigatuma igikoresho cyoroha kandi kigakomera. Ifite uruhare runini muguhindura neza uburyo bwose bwo kurekura ibikoresho no gufunga.
Isoko ya Coil: Ifite uruhare mugikorwa cyo kurekura ibikoresho kandi ifasha kugenda kwa piston. Kurugero, iyo piston yimutse hepfo kugirango isunike inkoni yo gukurura igikoresho, isoko ya coil itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe kugirango yizere neza kandi yizewe mubikorwa.
Piston: Nibikoresho bikoresha imbaraga muburyo bwo kurekura ibikoresho no gufunga. Iyobowe numuvuduko wa hydraulic, irazamuka ikamanuka, hanyuma igatwara inkoni ikurura kugirango imenye ibikorwa byo gufunga no kurekura igikoresho. Igenzura ryukuri ryimitsi no gusunika ningirakamaro kubikorwa byose byo kurekura no gufunga.
Imipaka ntarengwa 9 na 10: Zikoreshwa muburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso byo gufunga ibikoresho no kurekura. Ibi bimenyetso bisubizwa muri sisitemu ya CNC kugirango sisitemu ishobore kugenzura neza inzira yo gutunganya, kwemeza iterambere rihuriweho na buri gikorwa, no kwirinda impanuka zogukora ziterwa no guca imanza nabi ibikoresho bifata leta.
Pulley: Kimwe na pulley yavuzwe mu ngingo ya 3 yavuzwe haruguru, igira uruhare muri sisitemu yo kohereza hamwe kugirango ihererekanyabubasha rihamye kandi ritume ibice byose bigize uburyo bwo kurekura ibikoresho no gufatanya gukorera hamwe ukurikije gahunda yateganijwe.
Igipfukisho cyanyuma: Ifite uruhare rwo kurinda no gufunga imiterere yimbere ya spindle, ikumira umwanda nkumukungugu na chipi kwinjira imbere muri spindle kandi bikagira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yuburyo bwo kurekura ibikoresho no gufunga. Mugihe kimwe, itanga kandi ibidukikije bikora neza mubikorwa byimbere.
Guhindura imiyoboro: Irashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura neza imyanya cyangwa gukuraho ibice bimwe na bimwe kugirango turusheho kunoza imikorere yuburyo bwo kurekura ibikoresho no gufunga no kwemeza ko ikomeza leta ikora neza mugihe cyo kuyikoresha igihe kirekire.

III. Ihame ry'akazi

(I) Uburyo bwo gufata ibikoresho

Iyo ikigo gikora imashini kimeze muburyo busanzwe bwo gutunganya, ntamavuta ya hydraulic yamavuta kumpera yo hejuru ya piston 8. Muri iki gihe, isoko ya coil isoko 7 iri muburyo busanzwe bwagutse, kandi imbaraga zayo zoroshye zituma piston 8 izamuka ikajya mumwanya runaka. Hagati aho, isoko ya Belleville 4 nayo igira uruhare. Bitewe nuburyo bwihariye bwa elastique, isoko ya Belleville 4 isunika inkoni ikurura 2 kugirango izamuke hejuru, kuburyo imipira 4 yicyuma kumutwe winkoni ikurura 2 yinjira mumashanyarazi yumwaka kumurizo wigikoresho cya shank yo gukurura 1. Hamwe no gushyiramo imipira yicyuma, imbaraga zoguhagarika za Belleville isoko ya 4 zihererekanwa mukibanza gikurura 2 hamwe nigitereko gifatika. gufatisha igikoresho imbere yumwobo wa spindle. Ubu buryo bwo gufatira hamwe bukoresha imbaraga zikomeye za elastique zishobora kuba isoko ya Belleville kandi irashobora gutanga imbaraga zihagije zo kwemeza ko igikoresho kitazacika intege bitewe nigikorwa cyihuta cyihuta nimbaraga zo guca, byemeza ko imashini ikora neza kandi ihamye.

(II) Uburyo bwo Kurekura Ibikoresho

Iyo bibaye ngombwa guhindura igikoresho, sisitemu ya hydraulic irakora, kandi amavuta ya hydraulic yinjira kumpera yo hepfo ya piston 8, bikabyara hejuru. Mubikorwa bya hydraulic thrust, piston 8 irenga imbaraga za elastique ya coil isoko 7 hanyuma itangira kugenda hepfo. Kugenda kumanuka kwa piston 8 gusunika inkoni 2 gukurura kumanuka icyarimwe. Mugihe inkoni yo gukurura 2 igenda hepfo, imipira yicyuma ihagarikwa kuva kumurongo wa buri mwaka kumurizo wigikoresho cya shank yo gukurura 1 hanyuma ukinjira muri ruhago yumwaka mugice cyo hejuru cyumwobo winyuma wa spindle. Muri iki gihe, imipira yicyuma ntigifite ingaruka zo kubuza gukurura sitidiyo 1, kandi igikoresho kirarekuwe. Iyo manipulatrice ikuye igikoresho cya shitingi muri spindle, umwuka ucuramye uzasohoka unyuze mu mwobo wo hagati wa piston hamwe ninkoni yo gukurura kugirango usukure umwanda nka chipi n ivumbi mu mwobo wapanze wa spindle, witegura gushyiraho ibikoresho bizakurikiraho.

(III) Uruhare rwo Guhindura Imipaka

Kugabanya imipaka 9 na 10 bigira uruhare runini mugutanga ibimenyetso mugihe cyo gukuramo ibikoresho no gufunga. Iyo igikoresho gifatanye mu mwanya, ihinduka ryimyanya yibice bifitanye isano ritera imipaka ihinduka 9, na limit ya 9 ihita yohereza igikoresho gifata ibimenyetso kuri sisitemu ya CNC. Nyuma yo kwakira iki kimenyetso, sisitemu ya CNC yemeza ko igikoresho kimeze neza kandi gishobora gutangira ibikorwa byo gutunganya nyuma, nko kuzunguruka no kugaburira ibikoresho. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, iyo igikorwa cyo kurekura igikoresho kirangiye, imipaka ntarengwa 10 iraterwa, kandi ikohereza igikoresho cyo kurekura ibikoresho kuri sisitemu ya CNC. Muri iki gihe, sisitemu ya CNC irashobora kugenzura manipulatrice kugirango ikore igikoresho cyo guhindura ibikoresho kugirango hamenyekane automatike nukuri kubikorwa byose byo guhindura ibikoresho.

(IV) Ibipimo by'ingenzi n'ibishushanyo mbonera

Imbaraga zo guhagarika umutima: Centre yo gutunganya CNC ikoresha ibice 34 byose (ibice 68) byamasoko ya Belleville, bishobora kubyara imbaraga zikomeye. Mubihe bisanzwe, imbaraga zo guhagarika igikoresho ni 10 kN, kandi irashobora kugera kuri 13 kN. Igishushanyo mbonera cyingutu kirahagije kugirango gihangane ningufu zinyuranye zo gukata hamwe nimbaraga za centrifugal zikora kuri kiriya gikoresho mugihe cyo gutunganya, kwemeza neza ko igikoresho gikomeza guhagarara neza mu mwobo wazungurutswe, kubuza igikoresho kwimuka cyangwa kugwa mugihe cyogukora, bityo bigatuma garanti yimashini hamwe nubuziranenge bwubuso.
Gukubita Piston: Iyo uhinduye igikoresho, inkoni ya piston 8 ni mm 12. Muri iki cyuma cya mm 12, kugenda kwa piston bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri. Ubwa mbere, piston imaze gutera imbere ya mm 4, itangira gusunika inkoni ikurura 2 kugirango yimuke kugeza imipira yicyuma yinjiye muri Φ37-mm ya buri mwaka mugice cyo hejuru cyumwobo wa spindle. Muri iki gihe, igikoresho gitangira kurekura. Ibikurikiraho, inkoni yo gukurura ikomeza kumanuka kugeza hejuru "a" yinkoni ikurura ihuza hejuru yikibuga gikurura, igasunika rwose igikoresho kiva mu mwobo wa spindle kugira ngo manipulator ikure neza igikoresho. Mugucunga neza inkoni ya piston, ibikorwa byo kurekura no gufunga igikoresho birashobora kurangizwa neza, ukirinda ibibazo nkubwonko budahagije cyangwa bukabije bushobora gutuma umuntu afunga cyangwa adashobora guhambura igikoresho.
Menyesha Stress hamwe nibikoresho bisabwa: Kuva imipira 4 yicyuma, hejuru yubuso bwa sitidiyo ikurura, hejuru yumwobo wa spindle, hamwe nu mwobo aho imipira yicyuma iherereye bitera guhangayikishwa cyane nigihe cyakazi, ibisabwa byinshi bishyirwa mubikoresho no gukomera hejuru yibi bice. Kugirango hamenyekane imbaraga zumupira wibyuma, umwobo aho imipira 4 yicyuma igomba kuba igomba kuba mu ndege imwe. Mubisanzwe, ibi bice byingenzi bizakoresha imbaraga-nyinshi, gukomera-cyane, hamwe n’ibikoresho bidashobora kwangirika kandi bizakorwa muburyo bunoze bwo gutunganya no gutunganya ubushyuhe kugirango bongere ubukana bw’imiterere no kwambara birwanya, byemeza ko amasura y’imikoranire yibice bitandukanye ashobora gukomeza gukora neza mugihe kirekire kandi gikoreshwa kenshi, kugabanya kwambara no guhindura ibintu, no kongera igihe cya serivisi yuburyo bwo gufunga ibikoresho no gufunga.

IV. Umwanzuro

Imiterere shingiro nihame ryakazi ryibikoresho bya spindle-kurekura no gufatana munganda zikora imashini za CNC bigize sisitemu igoye kandi ikomeye. Buri kintu cyose kirafatanya kandi kigahuza cyane. Binyuze mubishushanyo mbonera byubukorikori hamwe nubuhanga bwubuhanga, guhuza byihuse kandi neza no gufunga ibikoresho bigerwaho, bitanga garanti ikomeye kumashini ikora neza kandi yikora ya santere ya CNC. Gusobanukirwa byimbitse ihame ryakazi ningingo zingenzi za tekiniki ningirakamaro cyane mu kuyobora, gushushanya, gukoresha, no gufata neza imashini zitunganya CNC. Mu iterambere ry'ejo hazaza, hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya CNC, uburyo bwa spindle ibikoresho-borohereza no gufatira hamwe bizakomeza kandi kunozwa no kunozwa, bigana ku buryo bunoze, bwihuse, ndetse n’imikorere yizewe kugira ngo bikemure ibyifuzo by’inganda zikora inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru.