Ingamba kubakora ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC kugirango bakumire kunanirwa gukanika ibikoresho bya CNC
Nkibikoresho byingenzi mubikorwa bigezweho, gutuza no kwizerwa byimikorere yimashini za CNC bifite akamaro kanini cyane. Nyamara, mugihe cyo gukoresha igihe kirekire, ibikoresho byimashini za CNC birashobora guhura nubukanishi butandukanye, bikagira ingaruka kumikorere no mubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, abakora ibikoresho byimashini za CNC bakeneye gufata ingamba zifatika zo gukumira kugirango barebe imikorere isanzwe yimashini za CNC.
I. Kwirinda kunanirwa kwibikoresho bya CNC ibikoresho byimashini
(A) Kugaragaza kunanirwa
Bitewe no gukoresha moteri igenga umuvuduko, imiterere yisanduku ya spindle yibikoresho byimashini za CNC biroroshye. Ibice byingenzi bikunda kunanirwa nuburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho byikora hamwe nigikoresho cyihuta cyo kugenzura imbere muri spindle. Ibintu bikunze kunanirwa harimo kutabasha kurekura igikoresho nyuma yo gufatana, gushyushya spindle, n urusaku mumasanduku ya spindle.
(B) Ingamba zo gukumira
(A) Kugaragaza kunanirwa
Bitewe no gukoresha moteri igenga umuvuduko, imiterere yisanduku ya spindle yibikoresho byimashini za CNC biroroshye. Ibice byingenzi bikunda kunanirwa nuburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho byikora hamwe nigikoresho cyihuta cyo kugenzura imbere muri spindle. Ibintu bikunze kunanirwa harimo kutabasha kurekura igikoresho nyuma yo gufatana, gushyushya spindle, n urusaku mumasanduku ya spindle.
(B) Ingamba zo gukumira
- Igikoresho gifata kunanirwa gukemura
Mugihe igikoresho kidashobora kurekurwa nyuma yo gufunga, tekereza guhindura igitutu cyibikoresho bisohora hydraulic silinderi hamwe nigikoresho cyo guhinduranya stroke. Muri icyo gihe, ibinyomoro ku isoko ya disiki nabyo birashobora guhinduka kugirango bigabanye umubare wogusenyera kwimpeshyi kugirango igikoresho gisohore bisanzwe. - Gukoresha ubushyuhe
Kubibazo byo gushyushya ibintu, banza usukure agasanduku ka spindle kugirango umenye neza isuku. Noneho, reba kandi uhindure ingano yamavuta yo gusiga kugirango umenye neza ko spindle ishobora gusiga neza mugihe cyo gukora. Niba ikibazo cyo gushyushya gikomeje, icyuma cya spindle gishobora gukenera gusimburwa kugirango gikureho ubushyuhe buterwa no kwambara. - Spindle agasanduku k'urusaku
Iyo urusaku rubaye mu gasanduku ka spindle, reba uko ibikoresho byifashe imbere yisanduku. Niba ibyuma byambarwa cyane cyangwa byangiritse, bigomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa mugihe kugirango bigabanye urusaku. Muri icyo gihe, buri gihe ukore neza ku gasanduku ka spindle, genzura imiterere ya buri gice, kandi wirinde urusaku ruterwa no kurekura.
II. Kwirinda kugaburira urunigi rwo kunanirwa ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
(A) Kugaragaza kunanirwa
Muri sisitemu yo kugaburira ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, ibice nka ball ball screw, hydrostatike screw nut joriji, icyerekezo kizunguruka, ubuyobozi bwa hydrostatike, hamwe nuyobora plastike. Iyo kunanirwa bibaye murwego rwo kugaburira ibiryo, bigaragarira cyane cyane nko kugabanuka kwubwiza bwimikorere, nkibice byubukanishi bitimukiye kumwanya wabigenewe, guhagarika imikorere, kugabanuka kwukuri neza, kwiyongera muburyo butandukanye, gukurura, no kwiyongera kw urusaku (nyuma yo kugongana).
(B) Ingamba zo gukumira
(A) Kugaragaza kunanirwa
Muri sisitemu yo kugaburira ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, ibice nka ball ball screw, hydrostatike screw nut joriji, icyerekezo kizunguruka, ubuyobozi bwa hydrostatike, hamwe nuyobora plastike. Iyo kunanirwa bibaye murwego rwo kugaburira ibiryo, bigaragarira cyane cyane nko kugabanuka kwubwiza bwimikorere, nkibice byubukanishi bitimukiye kumwanya wabigenewe, guhagarika imikorere, kugabanuka kwukuri neza, kwiyongera muburyo butandukanye, gukurura, no kwiyongera kw urusaku (nyuma yo kugongana).
(B) Ingamba zo gukumira
- Kunoza uburyo bwo kohereza
(1) Hindura preload ya buri cyerekezo kugirango ukureho itumanaho. Muguhindura ibanzirizasuzuma ryibintu nka screw nut joriji hamwe nuyobora ibitonyanga, ibishobora kugabanuka kandi uburyo bwo kohereza burashobora kunozwa.
(2) Shiraho ibikoresho byo kugabanya murwego rwohereza kugirango ugabanye uburebure bwikwirakwizwa. Ibi birashobora kugabanya ikusanyamakuru ryamakosa no kunoza uburyo bwo kohereza.
(3) Hindura imiyoboro irekuye kugirango urebe ko ibice byose bifitanye isano. Buri gihe ugenzure abahuza mumurongo wogukwirakwiza, nka guhuza hamwe ningenzi byingenzi, kugirango wirinde kurekura bigira ingaruka kumyandikire. - Kunoza uburyo bwo kohereza
. Gushyira mu gaciro muburyo bwambere birashobora kongera ubukana bwa screw, kugabanya guhindura, no kunoza uburyo bwo kohereza.
(2) Hitamo neza ingano ya screw ubwayo. Ukurikije umutwaro nibisabwa mubikoresho byimashini, hitamo umugozi ufite diameter ikwiye hamwe nikibanza kugirango utezimbere gukomera. - Kunoza icyerekezo cyukuri
Mugihe cyo guhura imbaraga nubukomezi bwibigize, gabanya ubwinshi bwibice byimuka bishoboka. Mugabanye diameter hamwe nuburemere bwibice bizunguruka kugirango ugabanye inertia yibice byimuka kandi utezimbere neza. Kurugero, koresha imbonerahamwe yimodoka hamwe na gare hamwe nubushakashatsi bworoshye. - Kubungabunga
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(2) Guhitamo preload yo kuyobora ibizunguruka bigomba kuba bikwiye. Preload irenze izongera cyane imbaraga zo gukurura, kongera umutwaro wa moteri, kandi bigira ingaruka kumyumvire.
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III. Kwirinda kunanirwa kw'ibikoresho byikora byahinduye ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
(A) Kugaragaza kunanirwa
Kunanirwa kw'ibikoresho byikora byahinduwe bigaragarira cyane cyane mubikoresho byikinyamakuru byananiranye, amakosa yibirindiro bikabije, gufatira hamwe ibikoresho byifashishijwe na manipulator, hamwe namakosa manini yimikorere ya manipulator. Mubihe bikomeye, ibikorwa byo guhindura ibikoresho birashobora gukomera kandi igikoresho cyimashini kizahatirwa guhagarika akazi.
(B) Ingamba zo gukumira
(A) Kugaragaza kunanirwa
Kunanirwa kw'ibikoresho byikora byahinduwe bigaragarira cyane cyane mubikoresho byikinyamakuru byananiranye, amakosa yibirindiro bikabije, gufatira hamwe ibikoresho byifashishijwe na manipulator, hamwe namakosa manini yimikorere ya manipulator. Mubihe bikomeye, ibikorwa byo guhindura ibikoresho birashobora gukomera kandi igikoresho cyimashini kizahatirwa guhagarika akazi.
(B) Ingamba zo gukumira
- Igikoresho cyikinyamakuru cyananiwe gukemura
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(2) Niba igikoresho cyikinyamakuru kitazunguruka 到位, gishobora guterwa no kunanirwa na moteri cyangwa ikosa ryo kohereza. Reba imikorere ya moteri, nka voltage, ikigezweho, n'umuvuduko, kugirango urebe niba ari ibisanzwe. Muri icyo gihe, reba uko ibintu byifashe byogukwirakwiza nka gare n'iminyururu, hanyuma usimbuze ibice byambarwa cyane mugihe gikwiye.
. Menya neza ko igikoresho cyashizwe muburyo bworoshye kandi ntikizagwa mugihe cyo guhindura ibikoresho.
. Menya neza ko agafuni gashobora gusunika neza igikoresho cyibikoresho kugirango kizamuke hejuru no hasi, kandi imipaka ntarengwa irashobora kumenya neza aho igikoresho cyoroshye. - Guhindura ibikoresho bikoresha kunanirwa gukemura
. Menya neza ko manipulator ishobora gufata igikoresho kandi ikayirinda kugwa mugihe cyo guhindura ibikoresho.
. Irinde igikoresho kidashobora kurekurwa kubera umuvuduko ukabije wimpeshyi.
. Ongera ukoreshe agasanduku ka spindle kugirango usubire kumwanya uhindura ibikoresho hanyuma usubize aho uhindura ibikoresho kugirango umenye neza uburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho.
IV. Kwirinda kunanirwa kwimitsi ya stroke kuri buri murongo wimikorere yibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
(A) Kugaragaza kunanirwa
Ku bikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, kugirango tumenye neza ko imirimo yizewe, umubare munini wimikorere ya stroke yo kumenya imyanya ikoreshwa. Nyuma yigihe kirekire cyo gukora, ibintu biranga ibice byimuka birahinduka, hamwe nubwizerwe bwibikoresho byo gukanda byubwonko hamwe nubwiza bwibiranga ubwonko bwa stroke ubwabyo bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere rusange yimashini.
(B) Ingamba zo gukumira
Reba kandi usimbuze insimburangingo ya stroke mugihe gikwiye. Buri gihe ugenzure imikorere yimikorere ya stroke, nkaho bashobora kumenya neza aho ibice byimuka, kandi niba hari ibibazo nkubusa cyangwa kwangirika. Niba insimburangingo yananiwe, igomba gusimburwa mugihe kugirango ikureho ingaruka zibi byahinduwe nabi kubikoresho byimashini. Mugihe kimwe, mugihe ushyiraho insimburangingo ya stroke, menya neza ko imyanya yabo yo kwishyiriraho neza kandi ihamye kugirango wirinde kunanirwa guterwa no kwishyiriraho nabi.
(A) Kugaragaza kunanirwa
Ku bikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, kugirango tumenye neza ko imirimo yizewe, umubare munini wimikorere ya stroke yo kumenya imyanya ikoreshwa. Nyuma yigihe kirekire cyo gukora, ibintu biranga ibice byimuka birahinduka, hamwe nubwizerwe bwibikoresho byo gukanda byubwonko hamwe nubwiza bwibiranga ubwonko bwa stroke ubwabyo bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere rusange yimashini.
(B) Ingamba zo gukumira
Reba kandi usimbuze insimburangingo ya stroke mugihe gikwiye. Buri gihe ugenzure imikorere yimikorere ya stroke, nkaho bashobora kumenya neza aho ibice byimuka, kandi niba hari ibibazo nkubusa cyangwa kwangirika. Niba insimburangingo yananiwe, igomba gusimburwa mugihe kugirango ikureho ingaruka zibi byahinduwe nabi kubikoresho byimashini. Mugihe kimwe, mugihe ushyiraho insimburangingo ya stroke, menya neza ko imyanya yabo yo kwishyiriraho neza kandi ihamye kugirango wirinde kunanirwa guterwa no kwishyiriraho nabi.
V. Kwirinda kunanirwa gushyigikira ibikoresho bifasha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
(A) Sisitemu ya Hydraulic
(A) Sisitemu ya Hydraulic
- Kugaragara
Amapompo ahinduka agomba gukoreshwa kuri pompe hydraulic kugirango agabanye ubushyuhe bwa sisitemu ya hydraulic. Akayunguruzo gashyizwe mu kigega cya lisansi kagomba guhanagurwa buri gihe hamwe na lisansi cyangwa vibrasi ya ultrasonic. Kunanirwa bikunze kugaragara ni pompe yumubiri, kumeneka, no kwangiza imashini. - Ingamba zo gukumira
(1) Sukura akayunguruzo buri gihe kugirango umenye neza amavuta ya hydraulic. Irinde umwanda kwinjira muri sisitemu ya hydraulic no kwangiza ibice bya hydraulic.
. Mu mikoreshereze ya buri munsi, witondere kubungabunga sisitemu ya hydraulic kandi wirinde gukora imitwaro irenze urugero hamwe ningaruka ziterwa no kongera ubuzima bwa pompe hydraulic.
(B) Sisitemu y'umusonga - Kugaragara
Muri sisitemu ya pneumatike ikoreshwa mubikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho byo gufunga, guhinduranya umutekano wumuryango, hamwe na chip ihuha mu mwobo wa spindle taper, gutandukanya amazi na filteri yo mu kirere bigomba kuvanwa buri gihe kandi bigasukurwa buri gihe kugirango hamenyekane ibice byimuka mubice bigize pneumatike. Valve yibanze idakora neza, kumeneka kwumwuka, kwangiza ibice bya pneumatike, no kunanirwa kwibikorwa byose biterwa no gusiga nabi. Kubwibyo, gutandukanya ibicu byamavuta bigomba guhanagurwa buri gihe. Byongeye kandi, ubukana bwa sisitemu yumusonga bugomba kugenzurwa buri gihe. - Ingamba zo gukumira
. Irinde ubushuhe n’umwanda kwinjira mu bice bya pneumatike no kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yabyo.
. Hitamo amavuta akwiye kandi ukore amavuta kandi usukure mugihe gito.
(3) Kugenzura buri gihe ubukana bwa sisitemu y'umusonga no gutahura no gukemura ibibazo byo guhumeka ikirere mugihe gikwiye. Reba imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro, kashe, valve nibindi bice kugirango umenye neza sisitemu ya pneumatike.
(C) Sisitemu yo gusiga - Kugaragara
Harimo amavuta yo kuyobora ibikoresho byimashini, ibikoresho byohereza, imipira yumupira, agasanduku ka spindle, nibindi. Akayunguruzo kari imbere ya pompe yamavuta kagomba guhanagurwa no gusimburwa buri gihe, mubisanzwe rimwe mumwaka. - Ingamba zo gukumira
(1) Sukura kandi usimbuze akayunguruzo imbere ya pompe yamavuta buri gihe kugirango umenye neza amavuta yamavuta. Irinde umwanda kwinjira muri sisitemu yo gusiga no kwangiza ibice byo gusiga.
. Hitamo amavuta akwiye kandi uhindure amavuta hamwe nigihe cyo gusiga ukurikije ibisabwa mubice bitandukanye.
(D) Sisitemu yo gukonjesha - Kugaragara
Ifite uruhare mubikoresho byo gukonjesha n'ibikoresho byo gukora hamwe na chiping. Nozzle ikonje igomba guhanagurwa buri gihe. - Ingamba zo gukumira
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(2) Reba ubunini bwikigereranyo nigipimo cya coolant hanyuma uyihindure ukurikije ibisabwa gutunganya. Menya neza ko imikorere ya coolant yujuje ibikenewe gutunganywa.
(E) Igikoresho cyo gukuraho chip - Kugaragara
Igikoresho cyo gukuraho chip nigikoresho gifite imikorere yigenga, cyane cyane kugirango habeho iterambere ryiza ryo gukata byikora no kugabanya ubushyuhe bwibikoresho byimashini za CNC. Kubwibyo, igikoresho cyo kuvanaho chip kigomba kuba gishobora gukuramo chip mu buryo bwihuse mugihe gikwiye, kandi umwanya wacyo wo kwishyiriraho ugomba kuba hafi bishoboka hashobora gukorerwa ibikoresho. - Ingamba zo gukumira
. Sukura chip imbere mugikoresho cyo gukuramo chip kugirango wirinde guhagarara.
. Mugihe kimwe, menya neza ko igikoresho cyo gukuramo chip cyashizweho neza kandi ntikizanyeganyega cyangwa ngo gihindurwe mugihe cyo gutunganya.
VI. Umwanzuro
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC nibikoresho byikora byikora hamwe no kugenzura mudasobwa no guhuza mechatronics. Imikoreshereze yabo ni umushinga wo gusaba tekiniki. Gukumira neza no kubungabunga neza nibyo byemezo byibanze byo kunoza imikoreshereze yimikorere yimashini za CNC. Kubisanzwe byananiranye, nubwo bibaho kenshi, ntibigomba kwirengagizwa. Abakora ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bagomba gusesengura byimazeyo no gusuzuma intandaro yo kunanirwa, gufata ingamba zifatika zo gukumira, no kugabanya igihe cyateganijwe kubera kunanirwa bishoboka kugirango byorohereze imikorere yimashini za CNC.
Mu musaruro nyirizina, ababikora bagomba kandi gushimangira amahugurwa yabakora kugirango bongere ubumenyi bwabo mubikorwa no kubitaho. Abakoresha bagomba gukora bakurikije uburyo bukoreshwa, bagahora bakora ibikoresho kubikoresho byimashini, kandi bakamenya igihe kandi bagakemura ingaruka zishobora gutsindwa. Muri icyo gihe, ababikora bagomba gushyiraho sisitemu ya serivise nziza nyuma yo kugurisha, gusubiza ibyo abakiriya bakeneye mugihe gikwiye, kandi bagatanga serivisi zubuhanga nubuhanga bwo kubungabunga. Gusa muri ubu buryo, hashobora gukorwa imikorere ihamye y’ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, umusaruro ukorwa neza n’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa, kandi umusanzu watangwa mu iterambere ry’inganda zigezweho.
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC nibikoresho byikora byikora hamwe no kugenzura mudasobwa no guhuza mechatronics. Imikoreshereze yabo ni umushinga wo gusaba tekiniki. Gukumira neza no kubungabunga neza nibyo byemezo byibanze byo kunoza imikoreshereze yimikorere yimashini za CNC. Kubisanzwe byananiranye, nubwo bibaho kenshi, ntibigomba kwirengagizwa. Abakora ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bagomba gusesengura byimazeyo no gusuzuma intandaro yo kunanirwa, gufata ingamba zifatika zo gukumira, no kugabanya igihe cyateganijwe kubera kunanirwa bishoboka kugirango byorohereze imikorere yimashini za CNC.
Mu musaruro nyirizina, ababikora bagomba kandi gushimangira amahugurwa yabakora kugirango bongere ubumenyi bwabo mubikorwa no kubitaho. Abakoresha bagomba gukora bakurikije uburyo bukoreshwa, bagahora bakora ibikoresho kubikoresho byimashini, kandi bakamenya igihe kandi bagakemura ingaruka zishobora gutsindwa. Muri icyo gihe, ababikora bagomba gushyiraho sisitemu ya serivise nziza nyuma yo kugurisha, gusubiza ibyo abakiriya bakeneye mugihe gikwiye, kandi bagatanga serivisi zubuhanga nubuhanga bwo kubungabunga. Gusa muri ubu buryo, hashobora gukorwa imikorere ihamye y’ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, umusaruro ukorwa neza n’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa, kandi umusanzu watangwa mu iterambere ry’inganda zigezweho.