“Gusobanukirwa byimbitse Ibigo bishinzwe imashini za CNC: Ibisabwa mu bumenyi n'inyungu zidasanzwe”
Mubihe byinganda zateye imbere cyane muri iki gihe, ibigo bitunganya imashini za CNC, nkibikoresho bigezweho byo gutunganya, bigira uruhare runini. Niba umuntu ashaka kugera ku bintu bitangaje mu bijyanye no gutunganya CNC, kwiga byimbitse no kumenya neza imashini zitunganya CNC ni ngombwa, kandi ibi bisaba kugira ubumenyi mubice byinshi.
Amashuri yisumbuye ya geometrie ubumenyi, cyane cyane trigonometrie, ni ibuye rikomeza imfuruka yo kwiga ibigo bitunganya CNC. Trigonometrie ikoreshwa cyane mukubara ingano, inguni yibice no gutegura inzira yo gutunganya. Kurugero, mugihe dukeneye gutunganya igice cyubuso gifite impande zihengamye, dukeneye gukoresha trigonometrie kugirango tubare neza neza inzira yimikorere yinzira no guca ubujyakuzimu. Urundi rugero ni uko mugihe uhuye nibice bigoye bigize arc, trigonometrie irashobora kudufasha kumenya neza radiyo ya arc, imirongo yikigo, hamwe nibipimo bitunganyirizwa hamwe, bityo tukareba neza ubuziranenge bwibice.
Ubumenyi bworoshye bwicyongereza nabwo bufite umwanya wabwo mukwiga ibigo bitunganya CNC. Muri iki gihe, sisitemu nyinshi za CNC zateye imbere hamwe na software bifitanye isano bifata intera nicyongereza. Gusobanukirwa n'amagambo asanzwe y'Icyongereza nka "igipimo cyo kugaburira" (umuvuduko wo kugaburira), "umuvuduko wa spindle" (spindle rotation umuvuduko), "ibikoresho offset" (indishyi y'ibikoresho), nibindi, bituma abashoramari bashobora gukorana nibikoresho neza, kumva neza no gushyiraho ibipimo bitandukanye, no kwirinda amakosa yibikorwa biterwa nimbogamizi zururimi. Byongeye kandi, hamwe no guhanahana amakuru kenshi nubufatanye mubikorwa mpuzamahanga byinganda, kugira urwego runaka rwo kumenya icyongereza bifasha kubona amakuru yinganda n'ibikoresho bya tekiniki bigezweho, bityo bikomeza kuzamura urwego rwa tekiniki.
Ubumenyi bwibanze bwo gushushanya amahame nabwo ni ntangarugero mu kumenya ibigo bitunganya CNC. Mu kwiga amahame yo gushushanya, dushobora gusoma no gushushanya ibishushanyo mbonera byubuhanga, gusobanukirwa amakuru yingenzi nkimiterere, ingano, no kwihanganira ibice. Ibi ni kimwe no gutanga "ikarita yo kugendana" nyayo yo gukora ikigo gikora imashini. Kurugero, mugihe duhuye nigishushanyo kirambuye cyo gushushanya, dushobora kumenya neza imiterere, isano ihagaze, hamwe nubunini busabwa kuri buri kintu, bityo tugategura neza tekinoroji yo gutunganya no guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye. Byongeye kandi, kumenya ubumenyi bwo gushushanya nabyo bifasha mugushushanya no kunoza ibice, gushobora guhindura neza ibitekerezo mubishushanyo mbonera kandi bigashyiraho urufatiro rukomeye kumirimo yo gutunganya nyuma.
Ubworoherane kandi bukwiye kimwe nubumenyi bujyanye nabyo bifite akamaro kanini mugukoresha ibigo bitunganya CNC. Ubworoherane kandi bukwiye byerekana neza inteko no guhinduranya hagati y'ibice. Gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwo kwerekana uburyo bwo kwihanganira bidushoboza kugenzura byimazeyo ibipimo bifatika mugihe cyo gutunganya no kwemeza ko ibice bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa biteganijwe mugihe cyo guterana. Ubumenyi bwuzuye buduha ubumenyi bwimbitse hamwe nuburambe bufatika bwo gutunganya imashini. Kurugero, mugihe cyibikorwa bya fitter, twiga uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho byintoki mugutunganya byoroshye, guteranya, no gukemura, bidufasha gusobanukirwa neza amafaranga yo gutunganya hamwe nuburyo bukurikirana mugutunganya CNC, kunoza imikorere no gutunganya ubuziranenge.
Ubundi bumenyi bwamahame yubukanishi, nkubukanishi, ibikoresho bya siyansi, hamwe nogukwirakwiza imashini, butanga ubufasha bwamahame yo gusobanukirwa byimbitse ihame ryakazi nibiranga imikorere ya CNC ikora. Ubumenyi bwubukanishi burashobora kudufasha gusesengura imbaraga zo gukata, gukomera, hamwe nimbaraga zimiterere yimashini yimashini mugihe cyo gutunganya, bityo tugahindura ibipimo byo gutunganya no gushushanya. Ibikoresho ubumenyi bwa siyansi bidushoboza guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye no gutegura tekiniki zijyanye no gutunganya ukurikije imikoreshereze yimikoreshereze nibiranga ibice. Kandi ubumenyi bwogukwirakwiza butuma dusobanukirwa isano yo guhererekanya kwimuka hagati yibice bitandukanye bigize igikoresho cyimashini, ifasha mugupima neza no kuyitaho mugihe ibikoresho bidakora neza.
Ibigo bitunganya CNC byateye imbere kuva imashini zisya CNC. Ugereranije na CNC imashini zirambirana no gusya, ifite ibyiza byihariye. Ikintu kigaragara cyane nubushobozi bwayo bwo guhanahana ibikoresho byo gutunganya. Mugushiraho ibikoresho byikoreshwa bitandukanye kubinyamakuru byigikoresho, mugihe kimwe cyo gufunga, igikoresho cyo gutunganya kuri spindle gihindurwa hifashishijwe igikoresho cyikora cyo guhindura ibikoresho kugirango ugere kubikorwa bitandukanye byo gutunganya. Ubu buryo bwikora bwo guhindura ibikoresho butezimbere cyane gutunganya neza kandi bigabanya guta igihe hamwe namakosa yukuri aterwa nigikoresho cyibikoresho.
Kurugero, mugihe utunganya igice kitoroshye, birashobora kuba nkenerwa gukurikiraho gukora ibintu byinshi nko gusya, gucukura, kurambirana, no gukanda. Ibikoresho bya mashini gakondo bigomba guhagarara kuri buri nzira ihinduka, intoki zihindura ibikoresho, hanyuma ukongera guhuza no guhindura ibipimo byo gutunganya. Ibi ntibitwara umwanya munini gusa ahubwo binatangiza byoroshye amakosa yabantu. Nyamara, ibigo bitunganya CNC birashobora guhita byuzuza ibikoresho byahinduwe bigenzurwa na porogaramu kandi bikagumana neza umwanya ugereranije hamwe nibipimo bitunganyirizwa hamwe nigikoresho cyakazi, bityo bigakomeza guhuza no gutunganya neza gutunganya.
Ibigo bitunganya CNC bigizwe nibikoresho byubukanishi hamwe na sisitemu ya CNC kandi nibikoresho byimashini zikoresha neza zikoreshwa mugutunganya ibice bigoye. Igice cyibikoresho byubukanishi kirimo uburiri bwimashini, inkingi, akazi, isanduku ya spindle, ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho, nibindi. Sisitemu ya CNC ni "ubwonko" bw'igikoresho cy'imashini, ishinzwe kugenzura inzira igenda, ibipimo byo gutunganya, hamwe n'indishyi z'ibikoresho by'imashini.
Mubikorwa nyabyo, ubushobozi bwuzuye bwo gutunganya ibigo bya CNC bitunganya biragaragara. Igicapo kirashobora kuzuza ibintu byinshi byo gutunganya nyuma yo gufatana kamwe, kandi gutunganya neza ni hejuru. Kubikorwa byicyiciro cyibikorwa byo gutunganya hagati, imikorere yacyo ikubye inshuro 5 kugeza 10 yibikoresho bisanzwe. Cyane cyane mugihe uhanganye nigice kimwe cyo gutunganya cyangwa ntoya nicyiciro cyinshi cyubwoko butandukanye hamwe nuburyo bugoye kandi busabwa neza, ibigo bitunganya CNC birashobora kwerekana neza ibyiza byihariye.
Kurugero, mukibuga cyindege, imiterere yibice mubisanzwe biragoye cyane, ibisabwa neza birarenze cyane, kandi akenshi bikorerwa mubice bito. Ibigo bitunganya CNC birashobora gutunganya neza ibice bitandukanye bigoramye bigoramye kandi byubatswe hashingiwe ku cyitegererezo cyibice bitatu bigize ibice, bikareba niba imikorere nubuziranenge bwibice byujuje ubuziranenge bwikirere. Mu nganda zikora amamodoka, gutunganya ibice byingenzi nka moteri ya moteri hamwe na silinderi nayo ikoreshwa cyane mubigo bitunganya CNC. Ubushobozi bwayo bukora neza kandi bunoze bwo gutunganya bushobora guhaza ibikenerwa n’inganda nini nini.
Mubyongeyeho, ibigo bitunganya CNC bifite ibikoresho byikinyamakuru, kibika ibintu bitandukanye byibikoresho bitandukanye cyangwa ibikoresho byo kugenzura, kandi bigahita bitoranywa bigasimburwa na gahunda mugihe cyo gutunganya. Iyi mikorere ituma igikoresho cyimashini zihindura byihuse ibikoresho hagati yuburyo butandukanye hatabayeho intoki, bizamura cyane umusaruro. Byongeye kandi, mugushishoza neza ibikoresho mubinyamakuru byigikoresho, guhuriza hamwe gutunganya inzira nyinshi birashobora kugerwaho kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa mubice bitandukanye.
Mu gusoza, nk'imwe mu bikoresho by'ibanze mu nganda zigezweho, ibigo bitunganya imashini za CNC bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutunganya hamwe n'ibyifuzo byinshi byo gukoresha. Kugirango ugere ku bisubizo byiza muri uru rwego, birakenewe kumenya neza ubumenyi mubice byinshi, harimo geometrie yisumbuye yisumbuye, icyongereza, amahame yo gushushanya, kwihanganira no gukwira, guhuza, nandi mahame yubukanishi. Gusa murubwo buryo hashobora gukoreshwa ibyiza byikigo cyimashini za CNC kandi bigatanga umusanzu mugutezimbere inganda zikora.