Mu rwego rwo gutunganya imashini zigezweho, imashini zicukura hamwe n’imashini zisya CNC ni ibikoresho bibiri bisanzwe kandi byingenzi byimashini zikoresha imashini, zifite itandukaniro rikomeye mumikorere, imiterere, hamwe nibisabwa. Kugirango tuguhe ibisobanuro byimbitse kandi byuzuye kuri ubu bwoko bubiri bwibikoresho byimashini, uruganda rukora imashini za CNC ruzaguha ibisobanuro birambuye hepfo.
1. Itandukaniro rikomeye
Ibiranga ubukana bwimashini zicukura
Imashini yo gucukura yagenewe ahanini guhangana nimbaraga nini zihagaritse, hamwe nimbaraga ntoya zegeranye. Ni ukubera ko uburyo nyamukuru bwo gutunganya imashini icukura ari ugucukura, kandi biti ya myitozo ahanini ikora imyitozo yerekeza ku cyerekezo gihagaritse mugihe cyo gukora, kandi imbaraga zikoreshwa mubikorwa zibanze cyane cyane mubyerekezo bya axial. Kubwibyo, imiterere yimashini icukura yashimangiwe mu cyerekezo gihagaritse kugirango habeho ituze, kugabanya kunyeganyega no gutandukana mugihe cyo gucukura.
Ariko, kubera ubushobozi buke bwimashini zicukura kugirango zihangane nimbaraga zuruhande, ibi nabyo bigabanya imikoreshereze yabyo muburyo bumwe bwo gutunganya ibintu. Mugihe bibaye ngombwa gukora imashini kuruhande kuruhande rwakazi cyangwa mugihe habaye kwivanga gukomeye mugihe cyo gucukura, imashini yo gucukura ntishobora kuba ishobora gukora neza kandi neza.
Ibisabwa kugirango imashini zisya CNC
Bitandukanye nimashini zicukura, imashini zisya CNC zisaba gukomera neza kuko imbaraga zabyaye mugihe cyo gusya ziragoye. Imbaraga zo gusya ntabwo zirimo imbaraga nini zihagaritse gusa, ahubwo zikeneye no guhangana nimbaraga nini zuruhande. Mugihe cyo gusya, ahantu ho guhurira hagati yo gukata no gukoreramo ni binini, kandi igikoresho kizunguruka mugihe gikata icyerekezo gitambitse, bikavamo imbaraga zo gusya zikora mubyerekezo byinshi.
Kugirango uhangane nibi bibazo bitoroshye, igishushanyo mbonera cyimashini zisya CNC mubisanzwe zirakomeye kandi zihamye. Ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize igikoresho cyimashini, nkigitanda, inkingi, hamwe na gari ya moshi ziyobora, bikozwe mubikoresho bikomeye kandi byubatswe neza kugirango bitezimbere muri rusange imikorere irwanya ubukana no kunyeganyega. Gukomera gukomeye bituma imashini zisya CNC zigumana imashini zisobanutse neza mugihe zihanganye nimbaraga nini zo gutema, bigatuma zikoreshwa mugutunganya imiterere itandukanye igoye nibice bihanitse.
2.Itandukaniro ryuburyo
Ibiranga imiterere yimashini zicukura
Imiterere yimashini icukura iroroshye cyane, kandi mubihe byinshi, mugihe cyose ibiryo bihagaritse kugerwaho, birashobora kuzuza ibisabwa. Imashini yo gucukura ubusanzwe igizwe numubiri wigitanda, inkingi, agasanduku ka spindle, intebe yakazi, hamwe nuburyo bwo kugaburira.
Igitanda nikintu cyibanze cyimashini icukura, ikoreshwa mugushigikira no gushiraho ibindi bice. Inkingi yashyizwe ku buriri kugirango itange inkunga kumasanduku nyamukuru. Agasanduku ka spindle gafite ibikoresho bya spindle hamwe nuburyo bwihuta bwihuta, bukoreshwa mugutwara kuzenguruka bito. Urupapuro rwakazi rukoreshwa mugushira ibihangano kandi birashobora guhinduka byoroshye kandi bigahagarara. Uburyo bwo kugaburira bufite inshingano zo kugenzura ibyokurya bya axial ya biti kugirango bigere ku burebure bwimbitse.
Bitewe nuburyo bworoshye bwo gutunganya imashini zicukura, imiterere yazo iroroshye kandi igiciro cyayo ni gito. Ariko iyi miterere yoroshye nayo igabanya imikorere nogutunganya imashini ya dring.
Imiterere yimashini zisya CNC
Imiterere yimashini zisya CNC ziraruhije cyane. Ntabwo ikeneye kugera ku biryo bihagaritse gusa, ariko cyane cyane, igomba no kugira ibikorwa birebire birebire kandi bihindura imirimo yo kugaburira. Imashini zisya CNC mubusanzwe zigizwe nibice nkigitanda, inkingi, akazi, indogobe, agasanduku ka spindle, sisitemu ya CNC, sisitemu yo kugaburira ibiryo, nibindi.
Igitanda ninkingi bitanga imiterere ihamye kubikoresho byimashini. Umwanya wakazi urashobora kugenda utambitse kugirango ugere kubiryo byuruhande. Indogobe yashizwe kumurongo kandi irashobora gutwara agasanduku ka spindle kugirango igende ihagaritse, igera kubiryo birebire. Agasanduku ka spindle gafite ibikoresho byo hejuru cyane hamwe nibikoresho bihinduranya byihuta kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya.
Sisitemu ya CNC nigice cyibanze cyo kugenzura imashini isya CNC, ishinzwe kwakira amabwiriza yo gutangiza gahunda no kuyahindura mu bimenyetso bigenzura kuri buri murongo wigikoresho cyimashini, kugera kubikorwa byo gutunganya neza. Sisitemu yo kugaburira ibiryo ihindura amabwiriza ya sisitemu ya CNC mubikorwa nyabyo byimikorere yakazi hamwe nigitereko binyuze mubice nka moteri na screw, byemeza neza neza imashini hamwe nubuziranenge bwubuso.
3.Imikorere yo gutunganya
Ubushobozi bwo gutunganya imashini icukura
Imashini yo gucukura ahanini ni igikoresho gikoresha imyitozo yo gucukura no gutunganya ibihangano. Mubihe bisanzwe, kuzenguruka biti ya myitozo nigikorwa nyamukuru, mugihe icyerekezo cya axial yimashini icukura nigikorwa cyo kugaburira. Imashini zicukura zirashobora gukora binyuze mu mwobo, mu mwobo uhumye no mu bindi bikorwa byo gutunganya ku kazi, kandi birashobora kuzuza ibisabwa bitandukanye kugira ngo bisimbuze ibice bitobora hamwe na diameter zitandukanye.
Mubyongeyeho, imashini yo gucukura irashobora kandi gukora ibikorwa byoroshye byo gucukura no gukanda. Ariko, kubera imiterere n'imikorere yabyo, imashini zicukura ntizishobora gukora imashini itunganijwe neza hejuru yibikorwa, nkibibanza bisa neza, ibinono, ibikoresho, nibindi.
Urwego rwo gutunganya imashini zisya CNC
Imashini zisya CNC zifite intera nini yubushobozi bwo gutunganya. Irashobora gukoresha imashini isya kugirango itunganyirize hejuru yibikorwa, kimwe nuburyo bugoye nka groove na gear. Byongeye kandi, imashini zisya CNC zirashobora kandi gutunganya ibihangano bifite imyirondoro igoye, nkibice bigoramye hamwe nubuso budasanzwe, ukoresheje ibikoresho byihariye byo gukata hamwe nuburyo bwo gutangiza gahunda.
Ugereranije n’imashini zicukura, imashini zisya CNC zifite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya neza, umuvuduko wihuse, kandi zirashobora kugera kubikorwa byo gutunganya neza hamwe nubuziranenge bwubuso. Ibi byatumye imashini zisya CNC zikoreshwa cyane mubice nko gukora ibumba, icyogajuru, nibigize imodoka.
4.Ibikoresho n'ibikoresho
Ibikoresho nibikoresho byo kumashini zicukura
Igikoresho nyamukuru gikoreshwa mumashini yo gucukura ni bito, kandi imiterere nubunini bwa bito bitoranyirizwa hamwe nibisabwa gutunganywa. Mubikorwa byo gucukura, ibikoresho byoroheje nka pliers, V-blok, nibindi bikoreshwa muguhagarara no gufunga akazi. Bitewe nuko imbaraga zitunganywa na mashini yo gucukura yibanda cyane cyane mu cyerekezo cya axial, igishushanyo mbonera cyoroheje ugereranije, cyane cyane ko igihangano kitazagenda cyangwa ngo kizunguruke mugihe cyo gucukura.
Ibikoresho nibikoresho byimashini zisya CNC
Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho byo gukata bikoreshwa mumashini yo gusya ya CNC, harimo urusyo rwumupira wumupira, urusyo rwanyuma, urusyo rwo mumaso, nibindi byiyongera kumashanyarazi asanzwe. Ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho byo gukata bikwiranye nubuhanga butandukanye bwo gutunganya nibisabwa. Mu gusya CNC, ibisabwa kugirango ibishushanyo bishoboke ni byinshi, kandi ibintu nko gukwirakwiza imbaraga zo gukata, aho imyanya ihagaze neza, hamwe n’ubunini bw’ingufu zifatika bigomba gusuzumwa kugira ngo igihangano kidahura no kwimurwa no guhindura ibintu mu gihe cyo gutunganya.
Mu rwego rwo kunoza imikorere yimikorere nukuri, imashini zisya CNC mubisanzwe zikoresha ibikoresho byihariye, nkibikoresho byo guhuza, ibikoresho bya hydraulic, nibindi. Muri icyo gihe, imashini zisya CNC nazo zishobora kugera ku buryo bwihuse bwibikoresho bitandukanye byo guca hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byifashishwa mu guhindura ibikoresho, bikarushaho kunoza imikorere no gutunganya neza.
5. Porogaramu n'ibikorwa
Gutegura no gukora imashini zicukura
Porogaramu yimashini icukura iroroshye cyane, mubisanzwe bisaba gusa gushiraho ibipimo nkuburebure bwimbitse, umuvuduko, nigipimo cyibiryo. Abakoresha barashobora kurangiza inzira yo gutunganya bakoresheje intoki cyangwa buto yigikoresho cyimashini, kandi barashobora no gukoresha sisitemu yoroshye ya CNC mugutegura no kugenzura.
Bitewe nubuhanga bworoshye bwo gutunganya imashini zicukura, imikorere iroroshye, kandi ibisabwa tekinike kubakoresha ni bike. Ariko ibi kandi bigabanya ikoreshwa ryimashini zicukura mugutunganya ibice bigoye.
Gutegura no gukora imashini zisya CNC
Porogaramu yimashini isya ya CNC iraruhije cyane, isaba gukoresha software ikora progaramu yumwuga nka MasterCAM, UG, nibindi, kugirango itange porogaramu zo gutunganya zishingiye ku bishushanyo n’ibisabwa mu bice. Mugihe cyo gutangiza gahunda, ibintu byinshi nkinzira yigikoresho, gukata ibipimo, hamwe nuburyo bikurikirana bigomba kwitabwaho kugirango habeho gutunganya neza kandi neza.
Kubijyanye nimikorere, imashini zisya CNC mubusanzwe zifite ibikoresho byo gukoraho cyangwa paneli ikora. Abakoresha bakeneye kumenyera imikorere yimikorere nimikorere ya sisitemu ya CNC, bagashobora kwinjiza neza amabwiriza nibipimo, kandi bagakurikirana imiterere mugihe cyo gutunganya. Bitewe nubuhanga bugoye bwo gutunganya imashini zisya CNC, harakenewe cyane urwego rwa tekiniki nubumenyi bwumwuga kubakoresha, bisaba amahugurwa yihariye nimyitozo yo kumenya neza.
6 field Umwanya wo gusaba
Gusaba ibintu byimashini zicukura
Bitewe nuburyo bworoshye, igiciro gito, nigikorwa cyoroshye, imashini zicukura zikoreshwa cyane mumahugurwa mato mato atunganya imashini, amahugurwa yo kubungabunga, hamwe ningo zitunganya abantu. Ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya ibice hamwe nuburyo bworoshye nibisabwa bito, nkibice byubwoko bwimyobo, guhuza ibice, nibindi.
Mu nganda zimwe na zimwe zitanga umusaruro, imashini zicukura zirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugutunganya ibintu byoroshye, nko gucukura umwobo ku cyuma. Nyamara, kubintu bisobanutse neza kandi bigoye gutunganya ibice, imashini zicukura ntizishobora kuzuza ibisabwa.
Igipimo cyo gukoresha imashini zisya CNC
Imashini zisya CNC zakoreshejwe cyane mubice nko gukora ibumba, icyogajuru, ibinyabiziga, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, nibindi bitewe nibyiza byabo byo gutunganya neza, gukora neza, nibikorwa bikomeye. Irashobora gukoreshwa mugutunganya ibishushanyo mbonera bitandukanye, ibice byuzuye, ibice byamasanduku, nibindi, kandi birashobora guhuza ibikenerwa ninganda zigezweho kugirango bitunganyirizwe neza kandi neza.
By'umwihariko mu nganda zimwe na zimwe zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zikora inganda, imashini zisya CNC zabaye ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'ingenzi, bigira uruhare runini mu kuzamura ireme ry'ibicuruzwa, kugabanya umusaruro, no kugabanya ibiciro.
7 、 Kugereranya ingero zo gutunganya
Kugirango twerekane byimazeyo itandukaniro ryingaruka zogukora hagati yimashini zicukura nimashini zisya CNC, ingero ebyiri zihariye zo gutunganya zizagereranywa hepfo.
Urugero rwa 1: Gukora igice cyoroshye cya plaque
Gutunganya imashini yo gucukura: Banza, shyira urupapuro rwakazi kumurimo wakazi, hitamo bito bikwiye, uhindure ubujyakuzimu hamwe nigipimo cyibiryo, hanyuma utangire imashini yo gucukura gutunganya. Bitewe nuko imashini zicukura zishobora gukora gusa guhagarikwa guhagaritse, ibisabwa kugirango umwobo uhagaze neza hamwe nubuziranenge bwubuso ntabwo buri hejuru, kandi gutunganya neza ni bike.
Imashini itunganya imashini ya CNC: Iyo ukoresheje imashini yo gusya ya CNC mugutunganya, intambwe yambere nukugereranya ibice muri 3D no kubyara porogaramu yo gutunganya ukurikije ibisabwa byo gutunganya. Noneho shyira urupapuro rwakazi kumurongo wabigenewe, shyiramo gahunda yo gutunganya ukoresheje sisitemu ya CNC, hanyuma utangire igikoresho cyimashini yo gutunganya. Imashini yo gusya ya CNC irashobora kugera icyarimwe icyarimwe icyarimwe hifashishijwe porogaramu, kandi irashobora kwemeza neza aho ihagaze hamwe nubuziranenge bwubuso bwibyobo, bikanoza cyane imikorere yimashini.
Urugero rwa 2: Gutunganya igice cyoroshye
Gutunganya imashini yo gucukura: Kubice nkibi bigoye, imashini zicukura ntizishobora kurangiza imirimo yo gutunganya. Nubwo byatunganijwe muburyo bumwe bwihariye, biragoye kwemeza neza gutunganya neza nubuziranenge bwubuso.
Imashini yo gusya ya CNC: Ukoresheje imirimo ikomeye yimashini zogusya CNC, birashoboka kubanza gukora imashini ikarishye kubice byabumbabumbwe, kuvanaho ibyinshi birenze, hanyuma ugakora kimwe cya kabiri cyogukora neza, amaherezo ukabona ibice byimbitse kandi byujuje ubuziranenge. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, ubwoko bwibikoresho bitandukanye burashobora gukoreshwa kandi gukata ibipimo birashobora kunozwa kugirango tunoze imikorere yimashini hamwe nubuziranenge bwubuso.
Mugereranije ingero ebyiri zavuzwe haruguru, birashobora kugaragara ko imashini zicukura zikwiranye no gutunganya umwobo woroshye, mugihe imashini zisya CNC zishobora gutunganya imiterere itandukanye hamwe nibice bisobanutse neza.
8 Incamake
Muncamake, hari itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yimashini zicukura nimashini zisya CNC mubijyanye no gukomera, imiterere, imikorere yo gutunganya, ibikoresho, ibikoresho bya porogaramu, hamwe nimirima ikoreshwa. Imashini yo gucukura ifite imiterere yoroshye nigiciro gito, kandi irakwiriye kubucukuzi bworoshye no gutunganya umwobo; Imashini zisya CNC zifite ibiranga ibintu bisobanutse neza, bikora neza, hamwe nibikorwa byinshi, bishobora guhuza ibikenerwa ninganda zigezweho zo gutunganya ibice bigoye.
Mubikorwa nyabyo, imashini zicukura cyangwa imashini zisya CNC zigomba gutoranywa muburyo bushingiye kumirimo yihariye yo gutunganya nibisabwa kugirango tugere ku ngaruka nziza zo gutunganya ninyungu zubukungu. Muri icyo gihe kandi, hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere inganda zikora inganda, imashini zicukura n’imashini zisya CNC nazo zihora zitezimbere kandi zinoze, zitanga inkunga ikomeye ya tekinike mu iterambere ry’inganda zitunganya imashini.