“Ibisobanuro birambuye by'ibikoresho byo gusubiramo hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya imashini za CNC zikora”
I. Intangiriro
Mugutunganya imashini zisya CNC, reaming nuburyo bwingenzi bwo kurangiza igice no kurangiza. Guhitamo gushyira mu gaciro ibikoresho byo gusubiramo no kugena neza ibipimo byo gukata ni ngombwa kugirango habeho gutunganya neza ubuziranenge bw’uburinganire. Iyi ngingo izerekana mu buryo burambuye ibiranga ibikoresho byo gusubiramo imashini zisya CNC, gukata ibipimo, guhitamo gukonjesha, hamwe nibisabwa mu ikoranabuhanga.
Mugutunganya imashini zisya CNC, reaming nuburyo bwingenzi bwo kurangiza igice no kurangiza. Guhitamo gushyira mu gaciro ibikoresho byo gusubiramo no kugena neza ibipimo byo gukata ni ngombwa kugirango habeho gutunganya neza ubuziranenge bw’uburinganire. Iyi ngingo izerekana mu buryo burambuye ibiranga ibikoresho byo gusubiramo imashini zisya CNC, gukata ibipimo, guhitamo gukonjesha, hamwe nibisabwa mu ikoranabuhanga.
II. Ibigize nibiranga ibikoresho byo gusubiramo imashini ya CNC yo gusya
Imashini isanzwe reamer
Imashini isanzwe reamer igizwe nigice gikora, ijosi, na shanki. Hariho uburyo butatu bwa shanki: shank igororotse, taper shank, nubwoko bwikiganza, kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa byimashini zitandukanye za CNC.
Igice cyakazi (gukata igice) cya reamer kigabanijwemo igice cyo gukata nigice cya kalibrasi. Igice cyo gukata kirahuza kandi gikora umurimo wingenzi wo gutema. Igice cya kalibrasi kirimo silinderi na cone ihindagurika. Igice cya silindrike kigira uruhare runini rwo kuyobora reamer, guhinduranya umwobo wakozwe, no gusya. Umuyoboro uhindagurika ugira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ubushyamirane buri hagati ya reamer nurukuta rwumwobo no kubuza diameter umwobo kwaguka.
Impande imwe reamer hamwe na karbide yerekana
Impande imwe ya reamer hamwe na karbide yinjizwamo ifite ibipimo byiza byo gukata no kuramba. Kwinjiza birashobora gusimburwa, kugabanya igiciro cyibikoresho.
Irakwiriye gutunganyirizwa ibikoresho bifite ubukana bwinshi, nkibyuma bivanze, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, nibindi.
Kureremba reamer
Reamer ireremba irashobora guhita ihindura ikigo kandi igatanga indishyi zo gutandukana hagati yimashini yimashini izunguruka nu mwobo wakazi, ikanoza neza.
Birakwiriye cyane cyane gutunganya ibihe hamwe nibisabwa cyane kugirango umwobo uhagaze neza.
Imashini isanzwe reamer
Imashini isanzwe reamer igizwe nigice gikora, ijosi, na shanki. Hariho uburyo butatu bwa shanki: shank igororotse, taper shank, nubwoko bwikiganza, kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa byimashini zitandukanye za CNC.
Igice cyakazi (gukata igice) cya reamer kigabanijwemo igice cyo gukata nigice cya kalibrasi. Igice cyo gukata kirahuza kandi gikora umurimo wingenzi wo gutema. Igice cya kalibrasi kirimo silinderi na cone ihindagurika. Igice cya silindrike kigira uruhare runini rwo kuyobora reamer, guhinduranya umwobo wakozwe, no gusya. Umuyoboro uhindagurika ugira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ubushyamirane buri hagati ya reamer nurukuta rwumwobo no kubuza diameter umwobo kwaguka.
Impande imwe reamer hamwe na karbide yerekana
Impande imwe ya reamer hamwe na karbide yinjizwamo ifite ibipimo byiza byo gukata no kuramba. Kwinjiza birashobora gusimburwa, kugabanya igiciro cyibikoresho.
Irakwiriye gutunganyirizwa ibikoresho bifite ubukana bwinshi, nkibyuma bivanze, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, nibindi.
Kureremba reamer
Reamer ireremba irashobora guhita ihindura ikigo kandi igatanga indishyi zo gutandukana hagati yimashini yimashini izunguruka nu mwobo wakazi, ikanoza neza.
Birakwiriye cyane cyane gutunganya ibihe hamwe nibisabwa cyane kugirango umwobo uhagaze neza.
III. Gukata Ibipimo byo Gusubiramo Kumashini ya CNC
Ubujyakuzimu
Ubujyakuzimu bwo gukata bufatwa nkamafaranga yo gusubiramo. Amafaranga atangwa cyane ni 0.15 - 0.35mm, naho amafaranga meza yo gusubiramo ni 0.05 - 0.15mm. Kugenzura neza ubujyakuzimu bwaciwe birashobora kwemeza ubwiza bwimashini yo gusubiramo no kwirinda kwangirika kw ibikoresho cyangwa kugabanuka kwubwiza bwubutaka bitewe nimbaraga zikata cyane.
Gukata umuvuduko
Iyo ibyuma bisubiramo ibyuma, umuvuduko wo gukata ni 5 - 7m / min; iyo reaming nziza, umuvuduko wo gukata ni 2 - 5m / min. Kubikoresho bitandukanye, umuvuduko wo guca ugomba guhinduka neza. Kurugero, mugihe utunganya ibice byuma, umuvuduko wo kugabanya urashobora kugabanuka muburyo bukwiye.
Igipimo cyo kugaburira
Igipimo cyo kugaburira muri rusange ni 0.2 - 1,2mm. Niba igipimo cyibiryo ari gito cyane, kunyerera no guhekenya ibintu bizabaho, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yubwobo; niba igipimo cyo kugaburira ari kinini cyane, imbaraga zo gukata ziziyongera, bivamo kwambara ibikoresho. Mubikorwa nyabyo, igipimo cyibiryo kigomba gutoranywa muburyo bukurikije ibintu nkibikoresho byakazi, umwobo wa diameter, hamwe nibisabwa neza.
Ubujyakuzimu
Ubujyakuzimu bwo gukata bufatwa nkamafaranga yo gusubiramo. Amafaranga atangwa cyane ni 0.15 - 0.35mm, naho amafaranga meza yo gusubiramo ni 0.05 - 0.15mm. Kugenzura neza ubujyakuzimu bwaciwe birashobora kwemeza ubwiza bwimashini yo gusubiramo no kwirinda kwangirika kw ibikoresho cyangwa kugabanuka kwubwiza bwubutaka bitewe nimbaraga zikata cyane.
Gukata umuvuduko
Iyo ibyuma bisubiramo ibyuma, umuvuduko wo gukata ni 5 - 7m / min; iyo reaming nziza, umuvuduko wo gukata ni 2 - 5m / min. Kubikoresho bitandukanye, umuvuduko wo guca ugomba guhinduka neza. Kurugero, mugihe utunganya ibice byuma, umuvuduko wo kugabanya urashobora kugabanuka muburyo bukwiye.
Igipimo cyo kugaburira
Igipimo cyo kugaburira muri rusange ni 0.2 - 1,2mm. Niba igipimo cyibiryo ari gito cyane, kunyerera no guhekenya ibintu bizabaho, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yubwobo; niba igipimo cyo kugaburira ari kinini cyane, imbaraga zo gukata ziziyongera, bivamo kwambara ibikoresho. Mubikorwa nyabyo, igipimo cyibiryo kigomba gutoranywa muburyo bukurikije ibintu nkibikoresho byakazi, umwobo wa diameter, hamwe nibisabwa neza.
IV. Guhitamo Coolant
Gusubiramo ibyuma
Amazi ya emulisile arakwiriye gusubiramo ibyuma. Amazi ya emulisile afite ubukonje bwiza, amavuta, hamwe nudukingirizo, bishobora kugabanya neza ubushyuhe bwo kugabanya, kugabanya kwambara ibikoresho, no kuzamura ubwiza bwubuso bwibyobo.
Gusubiramo ibice by'icyuma
Rimwe na rimwe, kerosene ikoreshwa muguhindura ibice byuma. Kerosene ifite amavuta meza yo gusiga kandi irashobora kugabanya ubushyamirane buri hagati ya reamer nurukuta rwumwobo kandi ikabuza diameter umwobo kwaguka. Nyamara, ingaruka zo gukonjesha za kerosene ni nkeya, kandi hagomba kwitonderwa kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo kugabanuka mugihe cyo gutunganya.
Gusubiramo ibyuma
Amazi ya emulisile arakwiriye gusubiramo ibyuma. Amazi ya emulisile afite ubukonje bwiza, amavuta, hamwe nudukingirizo, bishobora kugabanya neza ubushyuhe bwo kugabanya, kugabanya kwambara ibikoresho, no kuzamura ubwiza bwubuso bwibyobo.
Gusubiramo ibice by'icyuma
Rimwe na rimwe, kerosene ikoreshwa muguhindura ibice byuma. Kerosene ifite amavuta meza yo gusiga kandi irashobora kugabanya ubushyamirane buri hagati ya reamer nurukuta rwumwobo kandi ikabuza diameter umwobo kwaguka. Nyamara, ingaruka zo gukonjesha za kerosene ni nkeya, kandi hagomba kwitonderwa kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo kugabanuka mugihe cyo gutunganya.
V. Gutunganya Ikoranabuhanga Ibisabwa kugirango usubire kumashini ya CNC
Umwanya uhagaze neza
Gusubiramo muri rusange ntibishobora gukosora ikosa ryumwanya. Kubwibyo, mbere yogusubiramo, imyanya yukuri yumwobo igomba kwemezwa nibikorwa byabanjirije. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, umwanya wakazi ugomba kuba wuzuye kandi wizewe kugirango wirinde kugira ingaruka kumyanya yumwobo bitewe nigikorwa cyakazi.
Urutonde
Mubisanzwe, reaming ikabije ikorwa mbere, hanyuma reaming nziza. Kuvugurura bikabije bikuraho amafaranga menshi kandi bitanga umusingi mwiza wo gutunganya neza. Kuvugurura neza birusheho kunoza imikorere yuburinganire nubwiza bwubuso.
Kwinjiza no guhindura ibikoresho
Mugihe ushyira reamer, menya neza ko ihuriro riri hagati yigikoresho cya shank nigikoresho cyimashini kizunguruka gikomeye kandi cyizewe. Uburebure bwo hagati bwigikoresho bugomba kuba buhuye nuburebure bwo hagati bwakazi kugirango tumenye neza.
Kuri reamers ireremba, hindura urwego rureremba ukurikije ibisabwa kugirango utangire kugirango igikoresho gishobora guhita gihindura ikigo.
Gukurikirana no kugenzura mugihe cyo gutunganya
Mugihe cyo gutunganya, witondere cyane ibipimo nko gukata imbaraga, kugabanya ubushyuhe, nubunini bwubunini. Niba ibintu bidasanzwe bibonetse, hindura ibipimo byo guca cyangwa gusimbuza igikoresho mugihe.
Buri gihe ugenzure imyambarire ya reamer hanyuma usimbuze igikoresho cyambarwa cyane mugihe kugirango urebe neza.
Umwanya uhagaze neza
Gusubiramo muri rusange ntibishobora gukosora ikosa ryumwanya. Kubwibyo, mbere yogusubiramo, imyanya yukuri yumwobo igomba kwemezwa nibikorwa byabanjirije. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, umwanya wakazi ugomba kuba wuzuye kandi wizewe kugirango wirinde kugira ingaruka kumyanya yumwobo bitewe nigikorwa cyakazi.
Urutonde
Mubisanzwe, reaming ikabije ikorwa mbere, hanyuma reaming nziza. Kuvugurura bikabije bikuraho amafaranga menshi kandi bitanga umusingi mwiza wo gutunganya neza. Kuvugurura neza birusheho kunoza imikorere yuburinganire nubwiza bwubuso.
Kwinjiza no guhindura ibikoresho
Mugihe ushyira reamer, menya neza ko ihuriro riri hagati yigikoresho cya shank nigikoresho cyimashini kizunguruka gikomeye kandi cyizewe. Uburebure bwo hagati bwigikoresho bugomba kuba buhuye nuburebure bwo hagati bwakazi kugirango tumenye neza.
Kuri reamers ireremba, hindura urwego rureremba ukurikije ibisabwa kugirango utangire kugirango igikoresho gishobora guhita gihindura ikigo.
Gukurikirana no kugenzura mugihe cyo gutunganya
Mugihe cyo gutunganya, witondere cyane ibipimo nko gukata imbaraga, kugabanya ubushyuhe, nubunini bwubunini. Niba ibintu bidasanzwe bibonetse, hindura ibipimo byo guca cyangwa gusimbuza igikoresho mugihe.
Buri gihe ugenzure imyambarire ya reamer hanyuma usimbuze igikoresho cyambarwa cyane mugihe kugirango urebe neza.
VI. Umwanzuro
Gusubiramo imashini zisya CNC nuburyo bwingenzi bwo gutunganya umwobo. Guhitamo neza ibikoresho byo gusubiramo, kugena ibipimo byo kugabanya no gutoranya ibicurane, no kubahiriza byimazeyo ibisabwa byikoranabuhanga bitunganijwe bifite akamaro kanini mugukora neza neza nuburinganire bwuburinganire. Mu gutunganya nyabyo, ukurikije ibintu nkibikoresho byakazi, ingano yu mwobo, nibisabwa byukuri, ibintu bitandukanye bigomba gutekerezwa kuburyo bwuzuye kugirango uhitemo ibikoresho bikwiye byo kuvugurura hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya kugirango tunoze neza kandi neza. Muri icyo gihe, komeza ukusanyirize hamwe uburambe bwo gutunganya no guhuza ibipimo byo gutunganya kugirango utange inkunga ikomeye yo gutunganya neza imashini zisya CNC.
Gusubiramo imashini zisya CNC nuburyo bwingenzi bwo gutunganya umwobo. Guhitamo neza ibikoresho byo gusubiramo, kugena ibipimo byo kugabanya no gutoranya ibicurane, no kubahiriza byimazeyo ibisabwa byikoranabuhanga bitunganijwe bifite akamaro kanini mugukora neza neza nuburinganire bwuburinganire. Mu gutunganya nyabyo, ukurikije ibintu nkibikoresho byakazi, ingano yu mwobo, nibisabwa byukuri, ibintu bitandukanye bigomba gutekerezwa kuburyo bwuzuye kugirango uhitemo ibikoresho bikwiye byo kuvugurura hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya kugirango tunoze neza kandi neza. Muri icyo gihe, komeza ukusanyirize hamwe uburambe bwo gutunganya no guhuza ibipimo byo gutunganya kugirango utange inkunga ikomeye yo gutunganya neza imashini zisya CNC.