Disiki-Ubwoko bw'Ikinyamakuru Ikinyamakuru cya CNC Imashini: Imiterere, Porogaramu, hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho
I. Intangiriro
Mu rwego rwimashini zitunganya CNC, ikinyamakuru cyigikoresho nikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye no gutunganya urwego. Muri byo, ikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki ikoreshwa cyane kubera ibyiza byihariye. Gusobanukirwa ibice, sisitemu yo gukoresha, hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho byikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki yibikoresho bifite akamaro kanini mugusobanukirwa byimbitse amahame yimirimo yikigo gikora imashini za CNC no kuzamura ireme ryimashini.
Mu rwego rwimashini zitunganya CNC, ikinyamakuru cyigikoresho nikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye no gutunganya urwego. Muri byo, ikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki ikoreshwa cyane kubera ibyiza byihariye. Gusobanukirwa ibice, sisitemu yo gukoresha, hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho byikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki yibikoresho bifite akamaro kanini mugusobanukirwa byimbitse amahame yimirimo yikigo gikora imashini za CNC no kuzamura ireme ryimashini.
II. Incamake yubwoko bwibinyamakuru by'ibikoresho muri CNC Imashini
Ibinyamakuru by'ibikoresho mu bigo bitunganya CNC birashobora gushyirwa mubwoko butandukanye ukurikije imiterere yabyo. Ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho nikimwe mubisanzwe kandi bikoreshwa cyane. Ikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki kizwi kandi nk'igikoresho cyo mu bwoko bw'igikoresho cyangwa ikinyamakuru cya manipulator. Usibye ubwoko bwibikoresho byubwoko bwa disiki, ubundi bwoko bwibinyamakuru byibikoresho bitandukanye muburyo n'amahame y'akazi. Kurugero, ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwigikoresho nacyo ni ubwoko busanzwe, ariko hariho itandukaniro muburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho nibindi bintu ugereranije nikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki.
Ibinyamakuru by'ibikoresho mu bigo bitunganya CNC birashobora gushyirwa mubwoko butandukanye ukurikije imiterere yabyo. Ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho nikimwe mubisanzwe kandi bikoreshwa cyane. Ikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki kizwi kandi nk'igikoresho cyo mu bwoko bw'igikoresho cyangwa ikinyamakuru cya manipulator. Usibye ubwoko bwibikoresho byubwoko bwa disiki, ubundi bwoko bwibinyamakuru byibikoresho bitandukanye muburyo n'amahame y'akazi. Kurugero, ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwigikoresho nacyo ni ubwoko busanzwe, ariko hariho itandukaniro muburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho nibindi bintu ugereranije nikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki.
III. Ibigize ibikoresho bya Disc-Type Tool Magazine
(A) Ibikoresho bya Disiki
Ibikoresho bya disiki ni kimwe mubice byingenzi byikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho kandi bikoreshwa mukubika ibikoresho byo gutema. Hano hari ibikoresho byihariye byibikoresho kuri disiki yibikoresho. Igishushanyo cyibice gishobora kwemeza ko ibikoresho byo gukata bishyirwa muburyo bwa disiki yububiko, kandi ubunini nubusobanuro bwibibanza bihuye nibisobanuro byibikoresho byo gutema byakoreshejwe. Kubijyanye nigishushanyo, ibikoresho bya disiki bigomba kugira imbaraga zihagije no gukomera kugirango bihangane nuburemere bwibikoresho byo gukata hamwe na centrifugal imbaraga zabyaye mugihe cyo kuzunguruka byihuse. Hagati aho, kuvura hejuru yububiko bwibikoresho nabyo ni ngombwa. Mubisanzwe, uburyo bwo kuvura bwangirika kandi burwanya ingese bwakoreshejwe kugirango ubuzima bwa serivisi bwibikoresho bya disiki.
Ibikoresho bya disiki ni kimwe mubice byingenzi byikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho kandi bikoreshwa mukubika ibikoresho byo gutema. Hano hari ibikoresho byihariye byibikoresho kuri disiki yibikoresho. Igishushanyo cyibice gishobora kwemeza ko ibikoresho byo gukata bishyirwa muburyo bwa disiki yububiko, kandi ubunini nubusobanuro bwibibanza bihuye nibisobanuro byibikoresho byo gutema byakoreshejwe. Kubijyanye nigishushanyo, ibikoresho bya disiki bigomba kugira imbaraga zihagije no gukomera kugirango bihangane nuburemere bwibikoresho byo gukata hamwe na centrifugal imbaraga zabyaye mugihe cyo kuzunguruka byihuse. Hagati aho, kuvura hejuru yububiko bwibikoresho nabyo ni ngombwa. Mubisanzwe, uburyo bwo kuvura bwangirika kandi burwanya ingese bwakoreshejwe kugirango ubuzima bwa serivisi bwibikoresho bya disiki.
(B) Imyenda
Imyenda ifite uruhare runini mugushigikira ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho. Bashobora kugumana ibice nkibikoresho bya disiki nigikoresho gihamye mugihe cyo kuzunguruka. Ibyerekezo bihanitse birashobora kugabanya guterana no kunyeganyega mugihe cyo kuzunguruka, kunoza imikorere yumurimo no gutuza kwikinyamakuru. Ukurikije umutwaro no kuzunguruka byihuta byikinyamakuru cyibikoresho, ubwoko butandukanye nibisobanuro byerekana, nka roller na ball ball, bizatoranywa. Ibi bikoresho bigomba kugira ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara imizigo, kuzenguruka neza, no kuramba.
Imyenda ifite uruhare runini mugushigikira ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho. Bashobora kugumana ibice nkibikoresho bya disiki nigikoresho gihamye mugihe cyo kuzunguruka. Ibyerekezo bihanitse birashobora kugabanya guterana no kunyeganyega mugihe cyo kuzunguruka, kunoza imikorere yumurimo no gutuza kwikinyamakuru. Ukurikije umutwaro no kuzunguruka byihuta byikinyamakuru cyibikoresho, ubwoko butandukanye nibisobanuro byerekana, nka roller na ball ball, bizatoranywa. Ibi bikoresho bigomba kugira ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara imizigo, kuzenguruka neza, no kuramba.
(C) Kwambara amaboko
Kwambara amaboko bikoreshwa mugushiraho ibyuma no gutanga ibidukikije bihamye kuri bo. Barashobora kurinda ibyuma bidashobora kwangirika n’umwanda wo hanze kandi bakemeza ko imyanya ihagaze hamwe nuburinganire bwibintu nyuma yo kwishyiriraho. Ibikoresho byamaboko yikurikiranya mubisanzwe byatoranijwe mubikoresho byicyuma bifite imbaraga runaka kandi birwanya kwambara, kandi gutunganya neza amaboko yikurikiranya bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere isanzwe yimikorere no mumikorere yikinyamakuru cyose.
Kwambara amaboko bikoreshwa mugushiraho ibyuma no gutanga ibidukikije bihamye kuri bo. Barashobora kurinda ibyuma bidashobora kwangirika n’umwanda wo hanze kandi bakemeza ko imyanya ihagaze hamwe nuburinganire bwibintu nyuma yo kwishyiriraho. Ibikoresho byamaboko yikurikiranya mubisanzwe byatoranijwe mubikoresho byicyuma bifite imbaraga runaka kandi birwanya kwambara, kandi gutunganya neza amaboko yikurikiranya bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere isanzwe yimikorere no mumikorere yikinyamakuru cyose.
(D) Igiti
Igiti nikintu cyingenzi gihuza ibikoresho bya disiki nibikoresho bya moteri nka moteri. Ihereza itara rya moteri kugirango igikoresho cya disiki kizunguruka. Igishushanyo cya shaft gikeneye gusuzuma imbaraga zacyo no gukomera kugirango harebwe niba nta deformasiyo ibaho mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Hagati aho, ibice bihuza hagati yigitereko nibindi bice bigomba kugira neza neza, nko guhuza ibyuma, kugirango bigabanye kunyeganyega no gutakaza ingufu mugihe cyo kuzunguruka. Mubinyamakuru bimwe byo murwego rwohejuru rwibikoresho byibikoresho, shaft irashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa hejuru.
Igiti nikintu cyingenzi gihuza ibikoresho bya disiki nibikoresho bya moteri nka moteri. Ihereza itara rya moteri kugirango igikoresho cya disiki kizunguruka. Igishushanyo cya shaft gikeneye gusuzuma imbaraga zacyo no gukomera kugirango harebwe niba nta deformasiyo ibaho mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Hagati aho, ibice bihuza hagati yigitereko nibindi bice bigomba kugira neza neza, nko guhuza ibyuma, kugirango bigabanye kunyeganyega no gutakaza ingufu mugihe cyo kuzunguruka. Mubinyamakuru bimwe byo murwego rwohejuru rwibikoresho byibikoresho, shaft irashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa hejuru.
(E) Igifuniko cy'agasanduku
Agasanduku gafite uruhare runini mukurinda ibice byimbere yikinyamakuru. Irashobora kubuza umukungugu, chip, nibindi byanduye kwinjira imbere yikinyamakuru cyibikoresho kandi bikagira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'agasanduku gikenera gutekereza ku kashe no koroshya gusenya kugirango byoroherezwe kubungabunga no kugenzura ibice by'imbere by'ikinyamakuru. Mubyongeyeho, imiterere yisanduku yikingirizo nayo igomba gusuzuma guhuza hamwe nigaragara hamwe nu mwanya wo gushyiramo ikinyamakuru cyose.
Agasanduku gafite uruhare runini mukurinda ibice byimbere yikinyamakuru. Irashobora kubuza umukungugu, chip, nibindi byanduye kwinjira imbere yikinyamakuru cyibikoresho kandi bikagira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'agasanduku gikenera gutekereza ku kashe no koroshya gusenya kugirango byoroherezwe kubungabunga no kugenzura ibice by'imbere by'ikinyamakuru. Mubyongeyeho, imiterere yisanduku yikingirizo nayo igomba gusuzuma guhuza hamwe nigaragara hamwe nu mwanya wo gushyiramo ikinyamakuru cyose.
(F) Kuramo ibipapuro
Gukurura pin bigira uruhare runini muguhindura ibikoresho inzira yikinyamakuru. Bakoreshwa mugukuramo cyangwa gushyiramo ibikoresho byo gukata kuva cyangwa mumwanya wibikoresho bya disiki mugihe runaka. Urujya n'uruza rw'ibikurura rugomba kugenzurwa neza, kandi igishushanyo mbonera no gukora neza bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye kandi bwizewe bwo guhindura ibikoresho. Gukurura pin mubisanzwe bikora muburyo bwo guhuza nibindi bikoresho byohereza kugirango umenye ibikorwa byo kwinjiza no gukuramo ibikoresho byo gutema ukoresheje imashini.
Gukurura pin bigira uruhare runini muguhindura ibikoresho inzira yikinyamakuru. Bakoreshwa mugukuramo cyangwa gushyiramo ibikoresho byo gukata kuva cyangwa mumwanya wibikoresho bya disiki mugihe runaka. Urujya n'uruza rw'ibikurura rugomba kugenzurwa neza, kandi igishushanyo mbonera no gukora neza bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye kandi bwizewe bwo guhindura ibikoresho. Gukurura pin mubisanzwe bikora muburyo bwo guhuza nibindi bikoresho byohereza kugirango umenye ibikorwa byo kwinjiza no gukuramo ibikoresho byo gutema ukoresheje imashini.
(G) Gufunga Disiki
Disiki yo gufunga ikoreshwa mugufunga disiki yigikoresho mugihe ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho kidakora cyangwa muburyo bwihariye kugirango wirinde igikoresho cyibikoresho kuzunguruka kubwimpanuka. Irashobora kwemeza umwanya uhagaze wibikoresho byo gukata mu kinyamakuru ibikoresho kandi ikirinda gutandukana kw'ibikoresho biterwa no kunyeganyega kwa disiki y'ibikoresho mugihe cyo gutunganya. Ihame ryakazi rya disiki yo gufunga mubisanzwe igerwaho binyuze mubufatanye hagati yuburyo bwo gufunga imashini hamwe nibikoresho bya disiki cyangwa shaft.
Disiki yo gufunga ikoreshwa mugufunga disiki yigikoresho mugihe ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho kidakora cyangwa muburyo bwihariye kugirango wirinde igikoresho cyibikoresho kuzunguruka kubwimpanuka. Irashobora kwemeza umwanya uhagaze wibikoresho byo gukata mu kinyamakuru ibikoresho kandi ikirinda gutandukana kw'ibikoresho biterwa no kunyeganyega kwa disiki y'ibikoresho mugihe cyo gutunganya. Ihame ryakazi rya disiki yo gufunga mubisanzwe igerwaho binyuze mubufatanye hagati yuburyo bwo gufunga imashini hamwe nibikoresho bya disiki cyangwa shaft.
(H) Moteri
Moteri nisoko yimbaraga yikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho. Itanga torque yo kuzenguruka igikoresho cya disiki, igafasha ikinyamakuru igikoresho kumenya guhitamo ibikoresho no guhindura ibikoresho. Ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera cyibinyamakuru byigikoresho, hazatoranywa moteri ikwiye na moteri yihuta. Mu bigo bimwe na bimwe bikora neza cyane, moteri irashobora kuba ifite ibikoresho bigezweho byo kugenzura no kugenzura uburyo bwo kumenya neza uburyo bwihuse bwo kugenzura umuvuduko wibikoresho bya disiki kandi byujuje ibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya ibikoresho byihuta.
Moteri nisoko yimbaraga yikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho. Itanga torque yo kuzenguruka igikoresho cya disiki, igafasha ikinyamakuru igikoresho kumenya guhitamo ibikoresho no guhindura ibikoresho. Ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera cyibinyamakuru byigikoresho, hazatoranywa moteri ikwiye na moteri yihuta. Mu bigo bimwe na bimwe bikora neza cyane, moteri irashobora kuba ifite ibikoresho bigezweho byo kugenzura no kugenzura uburyo bwo kumenya neza uburyo bwihuse bwo kugenzura umuvuduko wibikoresho bya disiki kandi byujuje ibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya ibikoresho byihuta.
(I) Ikiziga
Inzira yimodoka ya Geneve ifite porogaramu yingenzi mugutondekanya no kwerekana ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwa disiki. Irashobora gutuma igikoresho cya disiki kizunguruka neza ukurikije ingengabihe yagenwe, bityo igahagarara neza kumwanya ukenewe. Igishushanyo nogukora neza byuruziga rwa Geneve bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubikoresho byerekana neza ikinyamakuru. Binyuze mu bufatanye nibice byingufu nka moteri, irashobora kubona imikorere inoze kandi yukuri yo gutoranya ibikoresho.
Inzira yimodoka ya Geneve ifite porogaramu yingenzi mugutondekanya no kwerekana ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwa disiki. Irashobora gutuma igikoresho cya disiki kizunguruka neza ukurikije ingengabihe yagenwe, bityo igahagarara neza kumwanya ukenewe. Igishushanyo nogukora neza byuruziga rwa Geneve bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubikoresho byerekana neza ikinyamakuru. Binyuze mu bufatanye nibice byingufu nka moteri, irashobora kubona imikorere inoze kandi yukuri yo gutoranya ibikoresho.
(J) Agasanduku k'umubiri
Agasanduku umubiri nuburyo bwibanze bwakira kandi bugashyigikira ibindi bice byikinyamakuru. Itanga imyanya yo kwishyiriraho no kurinda ibice nkibikoresho, ibiti, na disiki yibikoresho. Igishushanyo cyisanduku yumubiri gikeneye gusuzuma imbaraga nuburemere muri rusange kugirango uhangane nimbaraga zitandukanye mugihe cyo gukora ikinyamakuru ibikoresho. Hagati aho, imiterere yimbere yimbere yisanduku yumubiri igomba kuba ishyize mu gaciro kugirango yorohereze kwishyiriraho no gufata neza buri kintu, kandi ibibazo nko gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bigomba gutekerezwa kugirango birinde kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yikinyamakuru cy’ibikoresho kubera izamuka ry’ubushyuhe bukabije mu gihe kirekire.
Agasanduku umubiri nuburyo bwibanze bwakira kandi bugashyigikira ibindi bice byikinyamakuru. Itanga imyanya yo kwishyiriraho no kurinda ibice nkibikoresho, ibiti, na disiki yibikoresho. Igishushanyo cyisanduku yumubiri gikeneye gusuzuma imbaraga nuburemere muri rusange kugirango uhangane nimbaraga zitandukanye mugihe cyo gukora ikinyamakuru ibikoresho. Hagati aho, imiterere yimbere yimbere yisanduku yumubiri igomba kuba ishyize mu gaciro kugirango yorohereze kwishyiriraho no gufata neza buri kintu, kandi ibibazo nko gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bigomba gutekerezwa kugirango birinde kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yikinyamakuru cy’ibikoresho kubera izamuka ry’ubushyuhe bukabije mu gihe kirekire.
(K) Guhindura Sensor
Sensor ihinduranya ikoreshwa mubinyamakuru byubwoko bwa disiki kugirango tumenye amakuru nkumwanya wibikoresho byo gukata hamwe nu mpande zuzenguruka za disiki. Binyuze muri ibyo byuma bifata ibyuma, sisitemu yo kugenzura ikigo gikora imashini irashobora kumenya igihe nyacyo imiterere yikinyamakuru cyigikoresho kandi igenzura neza uburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho. Kurugero, igikoresho-ahantu-sensor irashobora kwemeza neza neza igikoresho cyo gukata mugihe cyinjijwe mumwanya wibikoresho bya disiki cyangwa spindle, kandi igikoresho cya disiki ya rotation angle sensor bifasha kugenzura neza ibyerekanwe hamwe nibirindiro bya disiki kugirango habeho iterambere ryimikorere yibikoresho bihindura.
Sensor ihinduranya ikoreshwa mubinyamakuru byubwoko bwa disiki kugirango tumenye amakuru nkumwanya wibikoresho byo gukata hamwe nu mpande zuzenguruka za disiki. Binyuze muri ibyo byuma bifata ibyuma, sisitemu yo kugenzura ikigo gikora imashini irashobora kumenya igihe nyacyo imiterere yikinyamakuru cyigikoresho kandi igenzura neza uburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho. Kurugero, igikoresho-ahantu-sensor irashobora kwemeza neza neza igikoresho cyo gukata mugihe cyinjijwe mumwanya wibikoresho bya disiki cyangwa spindle, kandi igikoresho cya disiki ya rotation angle sensor bifasha kugenzura neza ibyerekanwe hamwe nibirindiro bya disiki kugirango habeho iterambere ryimikorere yibikoresho bihindura.
IV. Porogaramu ya Disiki-Ubwoko bw'Ikinyamakuru Ikinyamakuru Imashini
(A) Kumenya Igikoresho cyikora-Guhindura imikorere
Nyuma yikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho bimaze gushyirwaho murwego rwo gutunganya imashini, irashobora kubona ibikoresho byikora bihinduka, nimwe mubikorwa byingenzi byingenzi. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, mugihe igikoresho cyo gukata kigomba guhinduka, sisitemu yo kugenzura itwara ibice nka moteri na manipulator yikinyamakuru cyibikoresho ukurikije amabwiriza ya porogaramu kugirango uhite urangiza igikoresho gihinduka nta muntu ubigizemo uruhare. Iyi mikorere yikora ihindura imikorere itezimbere cyane ubudahwema nubushobozi bwo gutunganya kandi bigabanya igihe cyigihe cyo gutunganya.
Nyuma yikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho bimaze gushyirwaho murwego rwo gutunganya imashini, irashobora kubona ibikoresho byikora bihinduka, nimwe mubikorwa byingenzi byingenzi. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, mugihe igikoresho cyo gukata kigomba guhinduka, sisitemu yo kugenzura itwara ibice nka moteri na manipulator yikinyamakuru cyibikoresho ukurikije amabwiriza ya porogaramu kugirango uhite urangiza igikoresho gihinduka nta muntu ubigizemo uruhare. Iyi mikorere yikora ihindura imikorere itezimbere cyane ubudahwema nubushobozi bwo gutunganya kandi bigabanya igihe cyigihe cyo gutunganya.
(B) Kunoza imikorere yimashini nubusobanuro
Kubera ko ikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki gishobora kumenya ibikoresho byikora, igihangano gishobora kurangiza inzira nyinshi nko gusya, kurambirana, gucukura, gusubiramo, no gukanda munsi yuburyo bumwe. Gufata kimwe birinda amakosa yimyanya ishobora kugaragara mugihe cyinshi cyo gufatana, bityo bigatezimbere cyane gutunganya neza. Hagati aho, umuvuduko wihuse wibikoresho bituma inzira yo gutunganya irushaho gukomera, kugabanya igihe cyo gufasha no kunoza imikorere muri rusange. Mu gutunganya ibice bigoye, iyi nyungu iragaragara cyane kandi irashobora kugabanya neza uburyo bwo gutunganya no kuzamura umusaruro.
Kubera ko ikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki gishobora kumenya ibikoresho byikora, igihangano gishobora kurangiza inzira nyinshi nko gusya, kurambirana, gucukura, gusubiramo, no gukanda munsi yuburyo bumwe. Gufata kimwe birinda amakosa yimyanya ishobora kugaragara mugihe cyinshi cyo gufatana, bityo bigatezimbere cyane gutunganya neza. Hagati aho, umuvuduko wihuse wibikoresho bituma inzira yo gutunganya irushaho gukomera, kugabanya igihe cyo gufasha no kunoza imikorere muri rusange. Mu gutunganya ibice bigoye, iyi nyungu iragaragara cyane kandi irashobora kugabanya neza uburyo bwo gutunganya no kuzamura umusaruro.
(C) Guhuza ibikenewe byimashini nyinshi zisabwa
Ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho byubwoko bwa disiki kirashobora kwakira ubwoko butandukanye nibisobanuro byibikoresho byo gutema, bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya. Yaba icyuma kinini cyo gusya gikenewe mu gutunganya ibintu bitoroshye cyangwa bito bito bya diameter bito, reamer, nibindi bikenerwa kurangiza imashini, byose birashobora kubikwa mukinyamakuru cyibikoresho. Ibi bituma ikigo cyimashini kidakenera guhindura kenshi ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho cyangwa guhindura intoki ibikoresho byo gutema mugihe uhuye nibikorwa bitandukanye byo gutunganya, bikarushaho kunoza imiterere no guhuza n'imashini.
Ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho byubwoko bwa disiki kirashobora kwakira ubwoko butandukanye nibisobanuro byibikoresho byo gutema, bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya. Yaba icyuma kinini cyo gusya gikenewe mu gutunganya ibintu bitoroshye cyangwa bito bito bya diameter bito, reamer, nibindi bikenerwa kurangiza imashini, byose birashobora kubikwa mukinyamakuru cyibikoresho. Ibi bituma ikigo cyimashini kidakenera guhindura kenshi ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho cyangwa guhindura intoki ibikoresho byo gutema mugihe uhuye nibikorwa bitandukanye byo gutunganya, bikarushaho kunoza imiterere no guhuza n'imashini.
V. Igikoresho-Guhindura Uburyo bwa Disc-Ubwoko Igikoresho Ikinyamakuru
Guhindura ibikoresho byikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho ni inzira igoye kandi yuzuye yarangijwe na manipulator. Iyo sisitemu yo kugenzura ikigo gikora imashini itanga amabwiriza yo guhindura ibikoresho, manipulator itangira kwimuka. Irabanza icyarimwe ifata igikoresho cyo gukata gikoreshwa kuri spindle hamwe nigikoresho cyatoranijwe cyo gukata mu kinyamakuru, hanyuma kizunguruka 180 °. Uku kuzenguruka bisaba kugenzura neza-kugenzura neza kugirango uhagarike neza kandi uhagaze neza kubikoresho byo gutema mugihe cyo kuzunguruka.
Nyuma yo kuzunguruka birangiye, manipulator ishyira neza neza igikoresho cyo gukata cyavuye muri spindle mu mwanya uhuye n'ikinyamakuru cy'ibikoresho, kandi icyarimwe ushyiraho igikoresho cyo gukata cyavuye mu kinyamakuru cy'ibikoresho kuri spindle. Muri iki gikorwa, ibice nkibikurura pin hamwe na sensor ya sensor ikora murwego rwo guhuza kugirango hinjizwe neza nogukuramo ibikoresho byo gutema. Hanyuma, manipulator isubira mu nkomoko, kandi ibikoresho byose byo guhindura ibikoresho birarangiye. Ibyiza byubu buryo bwo guhindura ibikoresho biri muburyo bwihuse bwibikoresho bihindura umuvuduko kandi byukuri, bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mubigo bishinzwe imashini zigezweho kugirango bikorwe neza kandi neza.
Guhindura ibikoresho byikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho ni inzira igoye kandi yuzuye yarangijwe na manipulator. Iyo sisitemu yo kugenzura ikigo gikora imashini itanga amabwiriza yo guhindura ibikoresho, manipulator itangira kwimuka. Irabanza icyarimwe ifata igikoresho cyo gukata gikoreshwa kuri spindle hamwe nigikoresho cyatoranijwe cyo gukata mu kinyamakuru, hanyuma kizunguruka 180 °. Uku kuzenguruka bisaba kugenzura neza-kugenzura neza kugirango uhagarike neza kandi uhagaze neza kubikoresho byo gutema mugihe cyo kuzunguruka.
Nyuma yo kuzunguruka birangiye, manipulator ishyira neza neza igikoresho cyo gukata cyavuye muri spindle mu mwanya uhuye n'ikinyamakuru cy'ibikoresho, kandi icyarimwe ushyiraho igikoresho cyo gukata cyavuye mu kinyamakuru cy'ibikoresho kuri spindle. Muri iki gikorwa, ibice nkibikurura pin hamwe na sensor ya sensor ikora murwego rwo guhuza kugirango hinjizwe neza nogukuramo ibikoresho byo gutema. Hanyuma, manipulator isubira mu nkomoko, kandi ibikoresho byose byo guhindura ibikoresho birarangiye. Ibyiza byubu buryo bwo guhindura ibikoresho biri muburyo bwihuse bwibikoresho bihindura umuvuduko kandi byukuri, bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mubigo bishinzwe imashini zigezweho kugirango bikorwe neza kandi neza.
VI. Iterambere ryiterambere hamwe nudushya twa tekinoloji yikinyamakuru cya Disiki
(A) Kunoza Igikoresho-Guhindura Umuvuduko na Precision
Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryikoranabuhanga ryimashini, ibisabwa byashyizwe imbere kugirango ibikoresho bihindurwe umuvuduko nibisobanuro byikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki. Ibinyamakuru bizaza byubwoko bwa disiki birashobora gukoresha tekinoroji igezweho yo gutwara ibinyabiziga, ibice byogukwirakwiza neza, hamwe na sensor yunvikana kugirango irusheho kugabanya igihe cyo guhindura ibikoresho no kunoza ibikoresho bihagaze neza, bityo bikazamura imikorere rusange yimikorere nubuziranenge bwikigo gikora imashini.
Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryikoranabuhanga ryimashini, ibisabwa byashyizwe imbere kugirango ibikoresho bihindurwe umuvuduko nibisobanuro byikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki. Ibinyamakuru bizaza byubwoko bwa disiki birashobora gukoresha tekinoroji igezweho yo gutwara ibinyabiziga, ibice byogukwirakwiza neza, hamwe na sensor yunvikana kugirango irusheho kugabanya igihe cyo guhindura ibikoresho no kunoza ibikoresho bihagaze neza, bityo bikazamura imikorere rusange yimikorere nubuziranenge bwikigo gikora imashini.
(B) Kongera ubushobozi bwibikoresho
Mubikorwa bimwe bigoye byo gutunganya, hakenewe ubwoko bwinshi nubwinshi bwibikoresho byo gukata. Kubwibyo, ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho gifite icyerekezo cyo kwiteza imbere cyongera ubushobozi bwibikoresho. Ibi birashobora kuba bikubiyemo igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho bya disiki yububiko, imiterere igizwe nibice byinshi, hamwe no gukoresha neza umwanya rusange wikinyamakuru cyibikoresho kugirango uhuze ibikoresho byinshi byo gutema utongeye ubwinshi bwikinyamakuru cyibikoresho cyane.
Mubikorwa bimwe bigoye byo gutunganya, hakenewe ubwoko bwinshi nubwinshi bwibikoresho byo gukata. Kubwibyo, ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho gifite icyerekezo cyo kwiteza imbere cyongera ubushobozi bwibikoresho. Ibi birashobora kuba bikubiyemo igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho bya disiki yububiko, imiterere igizwe nibice byinshi, hamwe no gukoresha neza umwanya rusange wikinyamakuru cyibikoresho kugirango uhuze ibikoresho byinshi byo gutema utongeye ubwinshi bwikinyamakuru cyibikoresho cyane.
(C) Kongera Impamyabumenyi Yubwenge na Automation Impamyabumenyi
Ibinyamakuru by'ibikoresho bizaza bizahuzwa cyane na sisitemu yo kugenzura ikigo gikora imashini kugirango igere ku rwego rwo hejuru rwubwenge no kwikora. Kurugero, ikinyamakuru igikoresho kirashobora gukurikirana uko ibintu byifashe mugukata ibikoresho mugihe nyacyo binyuze muri sensor no kugaburira amakuru kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura. Sisitemu yo kugenzura izahita ihindura ibipimo byo gutunganya cyangwa guhita ihindura ibikoresho byo gukata ukurikije urwego rwo kwambara rwibikoresho. Hagati aho, gusuzuma amakosa hamwe nibikorwa byo kuburira hakiri kare ikinyamakuru cyigikoresho bizaba byiza kurushaho, bishobora kuvumbura mugihe gishobora kuvuka kandi bikagabanya igihe cyigihe cyatewe namakosa yikinyamakuru.
Ibinyamakuru by'ibikoresho bizaza bizahuzwa cyane na sisitemu yo kugenzura ikigo gikora imashini kugirango igere ku rwego rwo hejuru rwubwenge no kwikora. Kurugero, ikinyamakuru igikoresho kirashobora gukurikirana uko ibintu byifashe mugukata ibikoresho mugihe nyacyo binyuze muri sensor no kugaburira amakuru kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura. Sisitemu yo kugenzura izahita ihindura ibipimo byo gutunganya cyangwa guhita ihindura ibikoresho byo gukata ukurikije urwego rwo kwambara rwibikoresho. Hagati aho, gusuzuma amakosa hamwe nibikorwa byo kuburira hakiri kare ikinyamakuru cyigikoresho bizaba byiza kurushaho, bishobora kuvumbura mugihe gishobora kuvuka kandi bikagabanya igihe cyigihe cyatewe namakosa yikinyamakuru.
(D) Kwishyira hamwe Byimbitse hamwe nuburyo bwo Gukora
Iterambere ryikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho bizitondera cyane guhuza byimbitse hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya. Kurugero, kubintu bitandukanye byo gutunganya (nkicyuma, ibikoresho bikomatanya, nibindi) hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora (nkibice bigoramye, umwobo, nibindi), guhitamo ibikoresho hamwe ningamba zo guhindura ibikoresho byikinyamakuru kizaba gifite ubwenge. Binyuze hamwe na software itegura gahunda yo gutunganya, ikinyamakuru cyigikoresho kirashobora guhita gihitamo ibikoresho byiza byo gukata hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho kugirango tunoze ubuziranenge bwimikorere.
Iterambere ryikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwibikoresho bizitondera cyane guhuza byimbitse hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya. Kurugero, kubintu bitandukanye byo gutunganya (nkicyuma, ibikoresho bikomatanya, nibindi) hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora (nkibice bigoramye, umwobo, nibindi), guhitamo ibikoresho hamwe ningamba zo guhindura ibikoresho byikinyamakuru kizaba gifite ubwenge. Binyuze hamwe na software itegura gahunda yo gutunganya, ikinyamakuru cyigikoresho kirashobora guhita gihitamo ibikoresho byiza byo gukata hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura ibikoresho kugirango tunoze ubuziranenge bwimikorere.
VII. Umwanzuro
Nkigice cyingenzi cyibikoresho byo gutunganya CNC, ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho byubwoko bwa disiki gifite imiterere igoye kandi yuzuye igena imikorere yayo myiza mugihe cyo gutunganya. Kuva kubikoresho bya disiki kugeza kubice bitandukanye byo kugenzura no kohereza, buri kintu kigira uruhare rukomeye. Ikoreshwa ryinshi ryikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki ntikizamura gusa urwego rwimikorere no gutunganya imikorere yikigo gikora imashini, ariko kandi inemeza neza uburyo bwo gutunganya hakoreshejwe uburyo bunoze bwo guhindura ibikoresho. Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryinganda zikora, ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwa disiki kiracyafite amahirwe menshi muguhanga udushya no kunoza imikorere kandi bizakomeza gutera imbere bigana ku kwihuta, kurushaho, kandi bifite ubwenge, bizana ibyoroshye n’agaciro mu nganda zikora imashini za CNC.
Nkigice cyingenzi cyibikoresho byo gutunganya CNC, ikinyamakuru cyibikoresho byubwoko bwa disiki gifite imiterere igoye kandi yuzuye igena imikorere yayo myiza mugihe cyo gutunganya. Kuva kubikoresho bya disiki kugeza kubice bitandukanye byo kugenzura no kohereza, buri kintu kigira uruhare rukomeye. Ikoreshwa ryinshi ryikinyamakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa disiki ntikizamura gusa urwego rwimikorere no gutunganya imikorere yikigo gikora imashini, ariko kandi inemeza neza uburyo bwo gutunganya hakoreshejwe uburyo bunoze bwo guhindura ibikoresho. Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryinganda zikora, ikinyamakuru cyubwoko bwa disiki kiracyafite amahirwe menshi muguhanga udushya no kunoza imikorere kandi bizakomeza gutera imbere bigana ku kwihuta, kurushaho, kandi bifite ubwenge, bizana ibyoroshye n’agaciro mu nganda zikora imashini za CNC.