Ibisabwa hamwe no gukoresha ibikoresho bya Spindle bigize imashini zogusya CNC》
I. Intangiriro
Nkibikoresho byingenzi byo gutunganya inganda zigezweho, imikorere yimashini zisya CNC zigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye no gutunganya umusaruro. Nka kimwe mu bice byingenzi bigize imashini zisya CNC, igice cya spindle kigira uruhare runini mubikorwa rusange byimashini. Igice cya spindle kigizwe na spindle, inkunga ya spindle, ibice bizunguruka byashyizwe kuri spindle, hamwe nibintu bifunga kashe. Mugihe cyo gutunganya ibikoresho byimashini, spindle itwara igihangano cyangwa igikoresho cyo gukata kugirango igire uruhare rutaziguye. Kubwibyo, gusobanukirwa ibisabwa bigize spindle yibikoresho byo gusya CNC no gukora igishushanyo mbonera gifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere imikorere no gutunganya ubwiza bwibikoresho byimashini.
Nkibikoresho byingenzi byo gutunganya inganda zigezweho, imikorere yimashini zisya CNC zigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye no gutunganya umusaruro. Nka kimwe mu bice byingenzi bigize imashini zisya CNC, igice cya spindle kigira uruhare runini mubikorwa rusange byimashini. Igice cya spindle kigizwe na spindle, inkunga ya spindle, ibice bizunguruka byashyizwe kuri spindle, hamwe nibintu bifunga kashe. Mugihe cyo gutunganya ibikoresho byimashini, spindle itwara igihangano cyangwa igikoresho cyo gukata kugirango igire uruhare rutaziguye. Kubwibyo, gusobanukirwa ibisabwa bigize spindle yibikoresho byo gusya CNC no gukora igishushanyo mbonera gifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere imikorere no gutunganya ubwiza bwibikoresho byimashini.
II. Ibisabwa kuri Spindle Ibigize Imashini ya CNC
- Ukuzenguruka cyane
Iyo uruziga rw'imashini isya CNC ikora ikizunguruka, trayectory ya point ifite umuvuduko wa zeru umurongo byitwa kuzenguruka hagati ya spindle. Mubihe byiza, umwanya uhagaze wo kuzenguruka rwagati ugomba gukosorwa no kudahinduka, ibyo bita icyerekezo cyiza cyo kuzenguruka. Ariko, bitewe ningaruka zimpamvu zitandukanye mubice bya spindle, umwanya uhagaze wumuzenguruko wo hagati uhinduka buri kanya. Umwanya ufatika wumwanya wo kuzenguruka hagati mukanya byitwa umwanya uhita wo kuzenguruka hagati. Intera ugereranije nicyiza cyo kuzenguruka hagati ni ikosa ryo kuzunguruka rya spindle. Urwego rwo kuzenguruka ikosa nizunguruka ryukuri rya spindle.
Ikosa rya radiyo, ikosa ryinguni, hamwe nikosa rya axial ntibikunze kubaho wenyine. Iyo ikosa rya radiyo hamwe nikosa rihari icyarimwe, bigizwe na radiyo; iyo ikosa rya axial hamwe nikosa rihari icyarimwe, bigize amaherezo ya runout. Gutunganya neza cyane bisaba kuzunguruka kugira uburinganire bwimbitse cyane kugirango harebwe ubuziranenge bwibikorwa. - Gukomera cyane
Gukomera kw'ibikoresho bya spindle bigize imashini isya CNC bivuga ubushobozi bwa spindle yo kurwanya ihindagurika iyo ikorewe imbaraga. Nubunini bukomeye bwibintu bya spindle, niko guhindagurika kwa spindle nyuma yo gukorerwa imbaraga. Mubikorwa byo guca imbaraga nizindi mbaraga, spindle izabyara ibintu byoroshye. Niba gukomera kw'ibikoresho bya spindle bidahagije, bizagabanya kugabanuka muburyo bwo gutunganya neza, kwangiza imikorere isanzwe yimikorere, kwihuta kwambara, no kugabanya neza.
Gukomera kwa spindle bifitanye isano nubunini bwimiterere ya spindle, umwanya wo gushyigikirwa, ubwoko hamwe nuburyo bwimiterere yatoranijwe, guhinduranya ibintu byemewe, hamwe numwanya wibintu bizunguruka kuri spindle. Igishushanyo mbonera cyimiterere ya spindle, guhitamo uburyo bukwiye hamwe nuburyo bwo kuboneza, hamwe no guhindura neza ibyangiritse birashobora kunoza ubukana bwibigize spindle. - Kurwanya kunyeganyega gukomeye
Kurwanya kunyeganyega kwingingo ya spindle yimashini isya CNC bivuga ubushobozi bwuruziga kugirango rugume ruhagaze neza kandi ntirinyeganyega mugihe cyo gutunganya. Niba ihindagurika ryibintu bigize spindle ari ribi, biroroshye kubyara vibrasiya mugihe cyakazi, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ndetse no kwangiza ibikoresho byo gukata nibikoresho byimashini.
Kugirango utezimbere ihindagurika ryibintu bya spindle, ibyuma byimbere bifite igipimo kinini cyo kugabanuka bikoreshwa. Nibiba ngombwa, imashini ikurura igomba gushyirwaho kugirango inshuro karemano yibintu bya spindle iruta kure cyane imbaraga zibyishimo. Byongeye kandi, irwanya ihindagurika rya spindle irashobora kandi kongererwa imbaraga mugutezimbere imiterere ya spindle no kunoza gutunganya no guteranya neza. - Ubushyuhe buke
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwiyongera mugihe cyimikorere ya spindle yimashini isya CNC irashobora gutera ingaruka mbi nyinshi. Ubwa mbere, ibice bya spindle hamwe nagasanduku bizahinduka bitewe no kwaguka k'ubushyuhe, bikavamo impinduka zijyanye n'umwanya ugereranije wo kuzenguruka hagati ya spindle hamwe nibindi bikoresho bigize imashini, bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye. Icya kabiri, ibintu nkibikoresho bizahindura ibicuruzwa byahinduwe bitewe nubushyuhe bukabije, gusenya ibintu bisanzwe byo gusiga, bigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe, kandi mubihe bikomeye, ndetse bigatera "gufata".
Kugira ngo ikibazo cyo kuzamuka kwubushyuhe gikemuke, imashini za CNC muri rusange zikoresha ubushyuhe buhoraho. Spindle ikonjeshwa binyuze muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha kugirango ubushyuhe bwa spindle bugabanuke. Muri icyo gihe, guhitamo gushyira mu gaciro byubwoko, uburyo bwo gusiga, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe nabyo birashobora kugabanya neza izamuka ryubushyuhe bwa spindle. - Kurwanya kwambara neza
Igice cya spindle cyimashini isya CNC igomba kuba ifite kwihanganira kwambara bihagije kugirango ibungabunge ukuri igihe kirekire. Ibice byambarwa byoroshye kuri spindle nibice byo gushiraho ibikoresho byo gukata cyangwa ibihangano byakazi hamwe nubuso bukora bwa spindle iyo yimutse. Kugira ngo imyambarire irusheho kunozwa, ibice byavuzwe haruguru bya spindle bigomba gukomera, nko kuzimya, carburizing, nibindi, kugirango byongere ubukana no kwambara.
Imyenda ya spindle nayo ikenera amavuta meza kugirango igabanye ubukana no kwambara no kunoza imyambarire. Guhitamo amavuta akwiye hamwe nuburyo bwo gusiga no guhora ukomeza spindle birashobora kongera igihe cyumurimo wibigize spindle.
III. Igishushanyo mbonera cya Spindle Ibigize imashini ya CNC
- Gutezimbere
Shishoza ushushanya imiterere nubunini bwa spindle kugirango ugabanye misa nigihe cyo kutagira ingano ya spindle no kunoza imikorere ya spindle. Kurugero, imiterere ya spindle yubatswe irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango igabanye uburemere bwa spindle mugihe itezimbere ubukana no kunyeganyega kwizunguruka.
Hindura uburyo bwo gushyigikira hamwe no kugena ibizunguruka. Ukurikije ibisabwa byo gutunganya hamwe nibikoresho byimashini biranga imiterere, hitamo ubwoko bukwiye nubwinshi kugirango ubashe gukomera no kuzenguruka kwizunguruka.
Emera uburyo bugezweho bwo gukora nibikoresho kugirango utezimbere gutunganya neza nubuziranenge bwubuso bwa spindle, kugabanya guterana no kwambara, no kunoza imyambarire nubuzima bwa serivisi ya spindle. - Guhitamo guhitamo no gukora neza
Hitamo ubwoko bukwiye hamwe nibisobanuro. Ukurikije ibintu nkumuvuduko wa spindle, umutwaro, nibisabwa neza, hitamo ibyuma bifite ubukana buhanitse, busobanutse neza, nibikorwa byihuse. Kurugero, imipira ihuza imipira, imipira ya silindrike, ibyuma bifata imashini, nibindi.
Hindura ibanzirizasuzuma no guhinduranya ibintu. Muguhindura muburyo bushyize mu gaciro no gukuraho ibicuruzwa, gukomera no kuzenguruka neza kwizunguruka birashobora kunozwa, mugihe ubushyuhe buzamuka hamwe no kunyeganyega kwizana bishobora kugabanuka.
Emera gukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga no gukonjesha. Hitamo amavuta akwiye hamwe nuburyo bwo gusiga, nk'amavuta yo kwisiga amavuta, amavuta yo mu kirere, hamwe no gusiga amavuta, kugirango urusheho gusiga amavuta, kugabanya guterana no kwambara. Mugihe kimwe, koresha sisitemu yo gukonjesha kugirango ukonje ibyuma kandi ugumane ubushyuhe bwikigereranyo muburyo bwiza. - Igishushanyo cyo kurwanya ibinyeganyega
Emera ibikoresho bikurura ibintu hamwe nibikoresho, nko gushiraho imashini itwara ibintu no gukoresha ibikoresho bitesha agaciro, kugirango ugabanye igisubizo cyinyeganyeza cya spindle.
Hindura uburyo bwiza bwo kugereranya imiterere ya spindle. Binyuze muburyo bukwiye bwo gukosora, gabanya ingano ya spindle kandi ugabanye kunyeganyega n urusaku.
Kunoza gutunganya no guteranya neza kuri spindle kugirango ugabanye kunyeganyega biterwa namakosa yo gukora no guterana bidakwiye. - Kugenzura ubushyuhe
Shushanya uburyo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, nko kongeramo ubushyuhe no gukoresha imiyoboro ikonje, kugirango wongere ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa spindle no kugabanya izamuka ryubushyuhe.
Hindura uburyo bwo gusiga no guhitamo amavuta ya spindle kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe bwo kugabanya no kugabanya ubushyuhe.
Emera uburyo bwo gukurikirana no kugenzura ubushyuhe kugirango ukurikirane ihinduka ryubushyuhe bwa spindle mugihe nyacyo. Iyo ubushyuhe burenze agaciro kashyizweho, sisitemu yo gukonjesha ihita itangira cyangwa izindi ngamba zo gukonjesha zifatwa. - Kwambara kunoza guhangana
Kora ubuvuzi hejuru kubice byambarwa byoroshye bya spindle, nko kuzimya, carburizing, nitriding, nibindi, kugirango urusheho gukomera no kwambara birwanya.
Hitamo ibikoresho bikwiye byo gukata hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora kugirango ugabanye kwambara kuri spindle.
Mubisanzwe mukomeze kuzunguruka no gusimbuza ibice byambarwa mugihe kugirango spindle imere neza.
IV. Umwanzuro
Imikorere ya spindle yibigize imashini isya CNC ifitanye isano itaziguye nubwiza bwo gutunganya no gukora neza ibikoresho byimashini. Kugira ngo ibikenerwa mu nganda zigezweho bikorwe neza kandi bitunganijwe neza, birakenewe ko dusobanukirwa byimazeyo ibisabwa bigize spindle bigize imashini zisya CNC kandi tugakora igishushanyo mbonera. Binyuze mu ngamba nko gutezimbere imiterere, guhitamo no guhitamo neza, igishushanyo mbonera cyo kurwanya ibinyeganyega, kugenzura ubushyuhe bwiyongera, no kunoza imyambarire, kwizenguruka neza, gukomera, kurwanya ihindagurika, imikorere y’ubushyuhe, hamwe no guhangana n’ibikoresho bya spindle birashobora kunozwa, bityo bikazamura imikorere muri rusange no gutunganya ubwiza bwimashini ya CNC. Mubikorwa bifatika, ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye byo gutunganya hamwe nibikoresho byimashini biranga imiterere, ibintu bitandukanye bigomba gutekerezwa byimazeyo kandi hagomba gutoranywa gahunda iboneye yo gukora kugirango igere kumikorere myiza yibikoresho bya spindle yimashini zisya CNC.
Imikorere ya spindle yibigize imashini isya CNC ifitanye isano itaziguye nubwiza bwo gutunganya no gukora neza ibikoresho byimashini. Kugira ngo ibikenerwa mu nganda zigezweho bikorwe neza kandi bitunganijwe neza, birakenewe ko dusobanukirwa byimazeyo ibisabwa bigize spindle bigize imashini zisya CNC kandi tugakora igishushanyo mbonera. Binyuze mu ngamba nko gutezimbere imiterere, guhitamo no guhitamo neza, igishushanyo mbonera cyo kurwanya ibinyeganyega, kugenzura ubushyuhe bwiyongera, no kunoza imyambarire, kwizenguruka neza, gukomera, kurwanya ihindagurika, imikorere y’ubushyuhe, hamwe no guhangana n’ibikoresho bya spindle birashobora kunozwa, bityo bikazamura imikorere muri rusange no gutunganya ubwiza bwimashini ya CNC. Mubikorwa bifatika, ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye byo gutunganya hamwe nibikoresho byimashini biranga imiterere, ibintu bitandukanye bigomba gutekerezwa byimazeyo kandi hagomba gutoranywa gahunda iboneye yo gukora kugirango igere kumikorere myiza yibikoresho bya spindle yimashini zisya CNC.