“Igitabo cyo Kwifashisha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC”
Nkibikoresho byingenzi byo gukora ibikoresho byuma byuzuye, gushyira mu gaciro kwishyiriraho ibikoresho byimashini za CNC bifitanye isano itaziguye nubushobozi bwakurikiyeho hamwe nubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Gushyira neza ibikoresho byimashini za CNC ntibishobora gusa kwemeza imikorere yibikoresho gusa ahubwo binongerera igihe cyumurimo kandi bigatanga agaciro gakomeye kubigo. Ibikurikira bizamenyekanisha muburyo burambuye ibidukikije byubatswe, kwirinda, hamwe nuburyo bwo kwirinda ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC.
I. Ibidukikije byubaka ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
- Ahantu hatari ibikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi
Ibikoresho byimashini za CNC bigomba kubikwa kure yibikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ni ukubera ko ibikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi bizatanga ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bizamura ubushyuhe bwibidukikije. Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birasa nubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bukabije buzagira ingaruka kumyizerere yimashini. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bushobora gutuma ubushyuhe bwaguka bwibikoresho byimashini, bityo bigahindura uburinganire bwimiterere yimashini kandi bikagira ingaruka kubikorwa. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora kandi kwangiza ibice bya elegitoronike no kugabanya imikorere nubuzima bwa serivisi. Kurugero, chip muri sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike irashobora gukora nabi mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yimashini. - Ahantu hatagira umukungugu ureremba hamwe nuduce twicyuma
Umukungugu ureremba hamwe nicyuma ni abanzi b ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC. Utuntu duto duto dushobora kwinjira imbere yigikoresho cyimashini, nka gari ya moshi ziyobora, imigozi yo kuyobora, imiyoboro hamwe nibindi bice, kandi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yibikoresho bya mashini. Umukungugu nicyuma bizongera ubushyamirane hagati yibigize, biganisha ku kwambara gukabije no kugabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi yibikoresho byimashini. Muri icyo gihe, barashobora kandi guhagarika inzira ya peteroli na gaze kandi bikagira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu yo gusiga no gukonjesha. Muri sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike, ivumbi nicyuma bishobora gukomera ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko kandi bigatera imiyoboro migufi cyangwa andi makosa y’amashanyarazi. - Ahantu hatagira imyuka yangirika kandi yaka umuriro
Imyuka yangirika kandi yaka umuriro n'amazi byangiza cyane ibikoresho byimashini za CNC. Imyuka yangirika hamwe namazi birashobora kwitwara neza mubice byicyuma cyigikoresho cyimashini, bikaviramo kwangirika no kwangiza ibice. Kurugero, imyuka ya acide irashobora kwangiriza ikariso, kuyobora gari ya moshi nibindi bice byigikoresho cyimashini kandi bikagabanya imbaraga zuburyo bwibikoresho byimashini. Imyuka yaka namazi byangiza umutekano muke. Iyo kumeneka bibaye hanyuma bikaza guhura na 火源, birashobora gutera umuriro cyangwa guturika kandi bigatera igihombo kinini kubakozi nibikoresho. - Ahantu hatagira ibitonyanga byamazi, amavuta, umukungugu n ivumbi ryamavuta
Ibitonyanga byamazi hamwe na parike bibangamira cyane sisitemu yamashanyarazi yibikoresho byimashini za CNC. Amazi nuyobora neza. Iyo imaze kwinjira imbere mubikoresho byamashanyarazi, irashobora gutera imiyoboro migufi, kumeneka nandi makosa no kwangiza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Imashini irashobora kandi guhurira mu bitonyanga byamazi hejuru yibikoresho byamashanyarazi kandi bigatera ikibazo kimwe. Umukungugu n'umukungugu byamavuta bizagira ingaruka kubikorwa byubuzima bwimashini. Bashobora kwizirika hejuru yubukanishi, kongera imbaraga zo guhangana no kugira ingaruka ku kugenda neza. Muri icyo gihe, umukungugu wamavuta urashobora kandi kwanduza amavuta yo gusiga no kugabanya ingaruka zo gusiga. - Ahantu hatagira urusaku rwamashanyarazi
Sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC yunvikana cyane kubangamira amashanyarazi. Urusaku rwa electromagnetic rushobora guturuka kubikoresho byamashanyarazi biri hafi, imiyoboro ya radio nandi masoko. Ubu buryo bwo kwivanga buzagira ingaruka ku ihererekanyabubasha rya sisitemu yo kugenzura, bikavamo kugabanuka gutunganya neza cyangwa imikorere mibi. Kurugero, kwivanga kwa electromagnetic birashobora gutera amakosa mumabwiriza ya sisitemu yo kugenzura imibare kandi bigatera igikoresho cyimashini gutunganya ibice bitari byo. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho byimashini za CNC bigomba gushyirwaho ahantu hatabangamiye urusaku rwa electromagnetic cyangwa ingamba zifatika zo gukingira amashanyarazi. - Ahantu hakomeye kandi hatanyeganyega
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bigomba gushyirwaho kubutaka bukomeye kugirango bigabanye kunyeganyega. Kunyeganyega bizagira ingaruka mbi ku gutunganya neza ibikoresho bya mashini, kongera kwambara ibikoresho no kugabanya ubwiza bwimashini. Muri icyo gihe, kunyeganyega birashobora kandi kwangiza ibice bigize igikoresho cyimashini, nka gari ya moshi ziyobora hamwe na screw. Ubutaka bukomeye burashobora gutanga inkunga ihamye no kugabanya kunyeganyega kwigikoresho cyimashini mugihe gikora. Byongeye kandi, ingamba zo gukuramo ibintu nko gushyiramo udukingirizo twa shitingi zirashobora gufatwa kugirango bigabanye ingaruka ziterwa no kunyeganyega. - Ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bukoreshwa ni 0 ° C - 55 ° C. Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije burenze 45 ° C, nyamuneka shyira umushoferi ahantu hafite umwuka mwiza cyangwa icyumba gikonjesha.
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bifite ibyo bisabwa kubushyuhe bwibidukikije. Ubushyuhe buke cyane cyangwa hejuru cyane bizagira ingaruka kumikorere nubuzima bwa serivisi yimashini. Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe buke, amavuta yo gusiga arashobora guhinduka neza kandi bikagira ingaruka kumavuta; imikorere yibikoresho bya elegitoronike nayo irashobora kugira ingaruka. Mubihe byubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ibikoresho byimashini bikunda kwaguka kandi ubushyuhe buragabanuka; ubuzima bwa serivisi bwibikoresho bya elegitoronike nabyo bizagabanywa. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bigomba kubikwa mubushyuhe bukwiye bushoboka. Iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije burenze 45 ° C, ibice byingenzi nkabashoferi bigomba gushyirwa ahantu hafite umwuka mwiza cyangwa icyumba gikonjesha kugirango barebe imikorere yabo isanzwe.
II. Icyitonderwa cyo gushyira ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
- Icyerekezo cyo kwishyiriraho kigomba kuba gikurikije amabwiriza, bitabaye ibyo amakosa ya servo azabaho.
Icyerekezo cyo kwishyiriraho ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bigengwa cyane, bigenwa nuburyo bwa mashini hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa sisitemu. Niba icyerekezo cyo kwishyiriraho ari kibi, kirashobora gutera amakosa muri sisitemu ya servo kandi bikagira ingaruka kumyizerere no guhagarara neza kubikoresho byimashini. Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, amabwiriza yo kwishyiriraho igikoresho cyimashini agomba gusomwa neza no gushyirwaho muburyo bwerekanwe. Muri icyo gihe, hagomba kandi kwitabwaho uburinganire n'ubwuzuzanye bw'igikoresho cy'imashini kugira ngo igikoresho cy'imashini gishyizwe mu mwanya ukwiye. - Iyo ushyizeho umushoferi, imyuka yacyo hamwe nu mwobo mwinshi ntibishobora guhagarikwa, kandi ntibishobora gushyirwa hejuru. Bitabaye ibyo, bizatera amakosa.
Umushoferi nimwe mubice byingenzi bigize ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC. Imyuka idakumirwa hamwe nu mwobo usohora ni ngombwa mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe no gukora bisanzwe. Niba imyuka ihumeka hamwe nu mwobo mwinshi byahagaritswe, ubushyuhe buri imbere yumushoferi ntibushobora gukwirakwira, bishobora gutera amakosa ashyushye. Mugihe kimwe, gushyira umushoferi hejuru birashobora kandi kugira ingaruka kumiterere yimbere no mumikorere kandi bigatera amakosa. Mugihe ushyira umushoferi, menya neza ko umwuka wacyo hamwe nu mwobo usohoka bitabujijwe kandi bigashyirwa muburyo bwiza. - Ntugashyire hafi cyangwa hafi y'ibikoresho byaka.
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora kubyara ibicu cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi mugihe gikora, ntibishobora gushyirwaho hafi yibikoresho byaka. Iyo ibikoresho byaka bimaze gutwikwa, birashobora guteza inkongi y'umuriro kandi bigatera nabi cyane abakozi n'ibikoresho. Mugihe uhisemo aho ushyira, guma kure yibikoresho byaka kugirango umenye umutekano. - Mugihe ukosora umushoferi, menya neza ko buri ngingo ikosora ifunze.
Umushoferi azabyara igihe cyo gukora. Niba bidakosowe neza, birashobora guhinduka cyangwa kugwa bikagira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yimashini. Kubwibyo, mugihe ukosora umushoferi, menya neza ko buri ngingo ikosora ifunze kugirango wirinde kurekura. Bolt hamwe nimbuto zikwiye zirashobora gukoreshwa mugukosora kandi ibintu byakosowe bigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe. - Shyira ahantu hashobora kwihanganira uburemere.
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC nibiyigize mubisanzwe biremereye. Kubwibyo, mugihe ushyiraho, ahantu hashobora kwihanganira uburemere bwayo hagomba guhitamo. Niba yarashyizwe ahantu hafite ubushobozi buhagije bwo gutwara imizigo, irashobora gutera ubutaka cyangwa ibikoresho byangiritse. Mbere yo kwishyiriraho, ubushobozi bwo kwikorera imitwaro yaho bigomba gusuzumwa kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zijyanye no gushimangira.
III. Ibikorwa byo kwirinda ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
- Kubikorwa byigihe kirekire, birasabwa gukora mubushyuhe bwibidukikije munsi ya 45 ° C kugirango harebwe imikorere yizewe yibicuruzwa.
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bizatanga ubushyuhe mugihe kirekire. Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru cyane, birashobora gutuma igikoresho cyimashini gishyuha kandi bikagira ingaruka kumikorere nubuzima bwa serivisi. Kubwibyo, birasabwa gukora igihe kirekire mubushyuhe bwibidukikije munsi ya 45 ° C. Guhumeka, gukonjesha hamwe nizindi ngamba zirashobora gufatwa kugirango igikoresho cyimashini gikore mubipimo bikwiye. - Niba iki gicuruzwa cyashyizwe mumasanduku yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, ingano nuburyo bwo guhumeka agasanduku ko gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi bigomba kwemeza ko ibikoresho byose bya elegitoroniki byimbere bitarimo akaga ko gushyuha. Muri icyo gihe, hakwiye kandi kwitabwaho niba kunyeganyega kwa mashini bizagira ingaruka ku bikoresho bya elegitoroniki byo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.
Isanduku yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi nigice cyingenzi cyibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC. Itanga imbaraga nuburinzi kubikoresho bya elegitoroniki igikoresho cyimashini. Ingano nubuhumekero bwikwirakwizwa ryamashanyarazi bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byimbere kugirango birinde amakosa ashyushye. Muri icyo gihe, hakwiye kandi kwitabwaho niba kunyeganyega kw'ibikoresho by'imashini bizagira ingaruka ku bikoresho bya elegitoroniki byo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Niba kunyeganyega ari binini cyane, birashobora gutuma ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bihinduka cyangwa byangiritse. Ingamba zo gukuramo Shock nko gushiraho pake zo gukuramo zishobora gufatwa kugirango bigabanye ingaruka zinyeganyega. - Kugirango hamenyekane ingaruka nziza yo gukonjesha, mugihe ushyizeho umushoferi, hagomba kuba umwanya uhagije hagati yacyo nibintu byegeranye hamwe na baffles (inkuta) kumpande zose, kandi gufata umwuka hamwe nu mwobo ntushobora guhagarikwa, bitabaye ibyo bizatera amakosa.
Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ni ingenzi kubikorwa bisanzwe bya mashini ya CNC. Gukwirakwiza neza gukonje birashobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bwibikoresho byimashini kandi bigatezimbere gutunganya neza no gutuza. Mugihe ushyira umushoferi, menya neza ko hari umwanya uhagije uzengurutse ikirere kugirango umenye ingaruka zikonje. Muri icyo gihe, gufata umwuka hamwe nu mwobo ntushobora guhagarikwa, bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kandi bitera amakosa.
IV. Ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
- Amashanyarazi hagati ya shoferi na moteri ntashobora gukururwa cyane.
Niba insinga hagati yumushoferi na moteri ikururwa cyane, irashobora guhinduka cyangwa kwangirika kubera impagarara mugihe cyimikorere yimashini. Kubwibyo, mugihe insinga, hagomba kubaho ubunebwe bukwiye kugirango wirinde gukurura cyane. Muri icyo gihe, uko insinga zigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe kugirango harebwe isano ihamye. - Ntugashyire ibintu biremereye hejuru yumushoferi.
Gushyira ibintu biremereye hejuru yumushoferi birashobora kwangiza umushoferi. Ibintu biremereye birashobora kumenagura ibice cyangwa ibice byimbere byumushoferi kandi bigira ingaruka kumikorere nubuzima bwa serivisi. Kubwibyo, ibintu biremereye ntibigomba gushyirwa hejuru yumushoferi. - Impapuro z'ibyuma, imigozi nibindi bibazo byamahanga byayobora cyangwa amavuta nibindi bikoresho bishobora gutwikwa ntibishobora kuvangwa imbere yumushoferi.
Ibikorwa byamahanga byimbere nkimpapuro nicyuma bishobora gutera imiyoboro migufi imbere yumushoferi no kwangiza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Amavuta nibindi bikoresho bishobora gutwikwa biteza umutekano muke kandi bishobora gutera umuriro. Mugihe ushyiraho kandi ukoresha umushoferi, menya neza ko imbere yacyo hasukuye kandi wirinde kuvanga ibintu byamahanga. - Niba ihuriro riri hagati yumushoferi na moteri irenga metero 20, nyamuneka wongere insinga za U, V, W na Encoder.
Iyo intera ihuza hagati yumushoferi na moteri irenze metero 20, kohereza ibimenyetso bizagira ingaruka kurwego runaka. Kugirango hamenyekane ibimenyetso bihamye, insinga za U, V, W na Encoder zigomba kuba nyinshi. Ibi birashobora kugabanya umurongo urwanya no kunoza ireme nogukomeza kwerekanwa. - Umushoferi ntashobora gutabwa cyangwa kugira ingaruka.
Umushoferi nigikoresho cya elegitoroniki neza. Kureka cyangwa kubigiraho ingaruka bishobora kwangiza imiterere yimbere nibice bya elegitoronike kandi bigatera amakosa. Mugihe ukora no gushiraho umushoferi, bigomba gukemurwa neza kugirango wirinde kugwa cyangwa kugira ingaruka. - Iyo umushoferi yangiritse, ntishobora gukoreshwa ku gahato.
Niba ibyangiritse bibonetse kubushoferi, nk'icyuma cyacitse cyangwa insinga zidakabije, bigomba guhita bihagarikwa bigasuzumwa cyangwa bigasimburwa. Guhatira imikorere yumushoferi wangiritse birashobora gukurura amakosa akomeye ndetse bikanatera impanuka zumutekano.
Mu gusoza, kwishyiriraho neza no gukoresha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC nurufunguzo rwo kwemeza umusaruro wibikoresho byuzuye neza. Mugihe ushyira ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC, imiterere yubushakashatsi bwibidukikije hamwe nubwitonzi bigomba kubahirizwa cyane kugirango harebwe niba igikoresho cyimashini ari ukuri, gihamye kandi cyizewe. Muri icyo gihe, hagomba kandi kwitonderwa ingamba zitandukanye mu gihe cyo gukora, kandi hagomba gukorwa buri gihe kubungabunga no gufata neza imashini kugira ngo ubuzima bwa serivisi bwiyongere kandi bunoze.