“Itandukaniro n'ibyiza hagati y'ibikoresho by'imashini za CNC n'ibikoresho rusange by'imashini”
Muri iki gihe murwego rwo gutunganya imashini, tekinoroji yo kugenzura imibare hamwe nibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bifite umwanya wingenzi. Muburyo bworoshye, igikoresho cyimashini ya CNC nigikoresho rusange cyimashini hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura umubare wongeyeho, ariko mubyukuri, birarenze ibyo. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura umubare ni ibikoresho bigezweho byo gutunganya ubu bikoreshwa mu nganda zitunganya imashini, bikubiyemo ibyiciro byinshi nk'imisarani ya CNC, imashini zisya CNC, imashini zirambirana na CNC, imashini zitunganya imashini za CNC, no guca insinga za CNC.
I. Igitekerezo cya tekinoroji yo kugenzura imibare nibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
Tekinoroji yo kugenzura umubare ni ugukoresha ibimenyetso bya porogaramu ya digitale kugirango igenzure uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho byimashini binyuze muri mudasobwa. Nka mashini yo gukora imashini, ibikoresho byimashini birashobora gukora ibikoresho byimashini ubwabyo kandi bikubiyemo uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya nko guhinduranya, gusya, gutegura, gusya, kurambirana, gucukura, amashanyarazi, kogosha, kunama, no gukata lazeri. Intego yo gutunganya imashini ni ugutunganya ibice byubusa muburyo bukenewe, harimo ibintu bibiri: uburinganire bwukuri na geometrike. Ibikoresho bishobora gukora imirimo yavuzwe haruguru byitwa igikoresho cyimashini. Igikoresho cyimashini ya CNC nigikoresho gihanitse kandi cyiza cyane cyimashini zikoresha imashini zakozwe kuva mubikoresho rusange byimashini. "Kugenzura Umubare" bisobanura kugenzura imibare. Igikoresho cyimashini ya CNC nigikoresho cyimashini cyikora gifite sisitemu yo kugenzura gahunda. Sisitemu irashobora gutunganya muburyo bwumvikana porogaramu zagenwe na kode yo kugenzura cyangwa andi mabwiriza yikigereranyo ikanayashiraho kugirango igikoresho cyimashini gishobora kwimuka no gutunganya ibice. Igenzura ryigikoresho cyimashini ya CNC nintangiriro yacyo. Imikorere nogukurikirana ibikoresho byimashini za CNC byose byarangiye muriki gice cyo kugenzura imibare. Nubwonko bwigikoresho cyimashini ya CNC. Ibikoresho byo kugenzura imibare dusanzwe tuvuga ahanini birimo imisarani ya CNC hamwe n’ibigo bitunganya.
Tekinoroji yo kugenzura umubare ni ugukoresha ibimenyetso bya porogaramu ya digitale kugirango igenzure uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho byimashini binyuze muri mudasobwa. Nka mashini yo gukora imashini, ibikoresho byimashini birashobora gukora ibikoresho byimashini ubwabyo kandi bikubiyemo uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya nko guhinduranya, gusya, gutegura, gusya, kurambirana, gucukura, amashanyarazi, kogosha, kunama, no gukata lazeri. Intego yo gutunganya imashini ni ugutunganya ibice byubusa muburyo bukenewe, harimo ibintu bibiri: uburinganire bwukuri na geometrike. Ibikoresho bishobora gukora imirimo yavuzwe haruguru byitwa igikoresho cyimashini. Igikoresho cyimashini ya CNC nigikoresho gihanitse kandi cyiza cyane cyimashini zikoresha imashini zakozwe kuva mubikoresho rusange byimashini. "Kugenzura Umubare" bisobanura kugenzura imibare. Igikoresho cyimashini ya CNC nigikoresho cyimashini cyikora gifite sisitemu yo kugenzura gahunda. Sisitemu irashobora gutunganya muburyo bwumvikana porogaramu zagenwe na kode yo kugenzura cyangwa andi mabwiriza yikigereranyo ikanayashiraho kugirango igikoresho cyimashini gishobora kwimuka no gutunganya ibice. Igenzura ryigikoresho cyimashini ya CNC nintangiriro yacyo. Imikorere nogukurikirana ibikoresho byimashini za CNC byose byarangiye muriki gice cyo kugenzura imibare. Nubwonko bwigikoresho cyimashini ya CNC. Ibikoresho byo kugenzura imibare dusanzwe tuvuga ahanini birimo imisarani ya CNC hamwe n’ibigo bitunganya.
II. Itandukaniro hagati yimashini ya CNC nibikoresho rusange byimashini
(1) Gukora neza
Gutezimbere cyane umusaruro
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora kuzamura cyane umusaruro. Nyuma yakazi kafunzwe, shyiramo progaramu ya progaramu ya progaramu ya progaramu ya progaramu, hanyuma igikoresho cyimashini kizahita kirangiza inzira yo gutunganya. Igice cyimashini kimaze guhinduka, mubisanzwe gusa gahunda yo kugenzura imibare igomba guhinduka, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo gukora. Ugereranije nibikoresho rusange byimashini, umusaruro wibikoresho byimashini za CNC urashobora kwiyongera inshuro nyinshi cyangwa zirenga. Mubikorwa byo gutunganya ibikoresho rusange byimashini, akenshi ibikorwa byintoki no guhinduka birakenewe, kandi umuvuduko wo gutunganya uratinda. Mugihe ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bishobora kugera kumashini ikomeza kandi yikora, kugabanya kuruhuka nigihe cyo gutegereza mugikorwa cyo gutunganya, bityo bikazamura cyane umusaruro.
(2) Gukora neza
Gukora cyane murwego rwo hejuru kandi neza nibicuruzwa bihamye
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bifite ubuhanga buhanitse kandi bwiza bwibicuruzwa bihamye. Ni ukubera ko ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bikozwe mu buryo bwikora ukurikije gahunda, kandi gutunganya neza birashobora no gukosorwa no kwishyurwa na software. Ibicuruzwa hafi ya byose bisobanutse neza, bihanitse, kandi bigezweho mubigo bitandukanye biratunganywa kandi bigakorwa hifashishijwe ibikoresho byimashini za CNC. Gukora neza kubikoresho byimashini rusange bigira ingaruka kubintu byinshi nkurwego rwa tekiniki rwumukoresha hamwe nuburyo butajegajega bwibikoresho byimashini, bikagorana kwemeza ibyangombwa bisabwa neza. Binyuze mu kugenzura neza imibare igenzura, ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora kugera kuri micrometero cyangwa urwego rwo hejuru rwimashini, bikareba neza niba ibipimo byerekana neza na geometrike yibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa.
(3) Impamyabumenyi yo kwikora
Urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwikora rugabanya ubukana bwumurimo
Urwego rwo gukoresha ibikoresho byimashini za CNC ni rwinshi, rugabanya cyane ubukana bwumurimo kandi ahanini bivuguruza itandukaniro riri hagati yimirimo yumubiri nakazi ko mumutwe. Mu mikorere y'ibikoresho rusange byimashini, ababikora bakeneye gukora ibikorwa byinshi byintoki nko guhindura ibikoresho, umuvuduko wo kugaburira, no kugenzura imikorere yimashini, bikavamo imbaraga nyinshi zumurimo. Mugihe kubikoresho byimashini za CNC, gusa uyikoresha akeneye kwinjiza progaramu no gukora igenzura rikenewe, kandi igikoresho cyimashini gishobora guhita kirangiza inzira yo gutunganya. Igikorwa cyakazi cyabakoresha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC gifite ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga bihanitse, kandi bifite ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango ubuziranenge bwibikorwa bisabwa hamwe nubuhanga buhanitse kubakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga. Abantu bashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bitwa "imvi"; abantu bumva ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bita "silver collars"; n'abantu bashobora gukora no gusobanukirwa kubungabunga no kuba impano zose muburyo bwo kugenzura imibare bitwa "zahabu ya cola".
(1) Gukora neza
Gutezimbere cyane umusaruro
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora kuzamura cyane umusaruro. Nyuma yakazi kafunzwe, shyiramo progaramu ya progaramu ya progaramu ya progaramu ya progaramu, hanyuma igikoresho cyimashini kizahita kirangiza inzira yo gutunganya. Igice cyimashini kimaze guhinduka, mubisanzwe gusa gahunda yo kugenzura imibare igomba guhinduka, bigabanya cyane igihe cyo gukora. Ugereranije nibikoresho rusange byimashini, umusaruro wibikoresho byimashini za CNC urashobora kwiyongera inshuro nyinshi cyangwa zirenga. Mubikorwa byo gutunganya ibikoresho rusange byimashini, akenshi ibikorwa byintoki no guhinduka birakenewe, kandi umuvuduko wo gutunganya uratinda. Mugihe ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bishobora kugera kumashini ikomeza kandi yikora, kugabanya kuruhuka nigihe cyo gutegereza mugikorwa cyo gutunganya, bityo bikazamura cyane umusaruro.
(2) Gukora neza
Gukora cyane murwego rwo hejuru kandi neza nibicuruzwa bihamye
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bifite ubuhanga buhanitse kandi bwiza bwibicuruzwa bihamye. Ni ukubera ko ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bikozwe mu buryo bwikora ukurikije gahunda, kandi gutunganya neza birashobora no gukosorwa no kwishyurwa na software. Ibicuruzwa hafi ya byose bisobanutse neza, bihanitse, kandi bigezweho mubigo bitandukanye biratunganywa kandi bigakorwa hifashishijwe ibikoresho byimashini za CNC. Gukora neza kubikoresho byimashini rusange bigira ingaruka kubintu byinshi nkurwego rwa tekiniki rwumukoresha hamwe nuburyo butajegajega bwibikoresho byimashini, bikagorana kwemeza ibyangombwa bisabwa neza. Binyuze mu kugenzura neza imibare igenzura, ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora kugera kuri micrometero cyangwa urwego rwo hejuru rwimashini, bikareba neza niba ibipimo byerekana neza na geometrike yibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa.
(3) Impamyabumenyi yo kwikora
Urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwikora rugabanya ubukana bwumurimo
Urwego rwo gukoresha ibikoresho byimashini za CNC ni rwinshi, rugabanya cyane ubukana bwumurimo kandi ahanini bivuguruza itandukaniro riri hagati yimirimo yumubiri nakazi ko mumutwe. Mu mikorere y'ibikoresho rusange byimashini, ababikora bakeneye gukora ibikorwa byinshi byintoki nko guhindura ibikoresho, umuvuduko wo kugaburira, no kugenzura imikorere yimashini, bikavamo imbaraga nyinshi zumurimo. Mugihe kubikoresho byimashini za CNC, gusa uyikoresha akeneye kwinjiza progaramu no gukora igenzura rikenewe, kandi igikoresho cyimashini gishobora guhita kirangiza inzira yo gutunganya. Igikorwa cyakazi cyabakoresha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC gifite ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga bihanitse, kandi bifite ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango ubuziranenge bwibikorwa bisabwa hamwe nubuhanga buhanitse kubakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga. Abantu bashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bitwa "imvi"; abantu bumva ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bita "silver collars"; n'abantu bashobora gukora no gusobanukirwa kubungabunga no kuba impano zose muburyo bwo kugenzura imibare bitwa "zahabu ya cola".
III. Ibyiza byibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC
(1) Kumenyera ibintu byinshi bitandukanye kandi bito-bito
Hamwe no gutandukanya isoko ryamasoko, umusaruro utandukanye hamwe nuduce duto duto twabaye ikintu cyingenzi kiranga inganda zigezweho. Ibikoresho byimashini za CNC birashobora guhindura byihuse gahunda yo gutunganya ibice kugirango ihuze nibisabwa byo gutunganya ibice bitandukanye bitabaye ngombwa ko hahindurwa ibikoresho bigoye byimashini no guhindura ibikoresho. Ibi biha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC inyungu zigaragara mubikorwa byinshi bitandukanye kandi bito-bito, bishobora kugabanya cyane umusaruro wumusaruro no kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro.
(2) Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutunganya ibice bigoye
Kubice bimwe bifite imiterere igoye nibisabwa neza, ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutunganya. Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora kugera ku buryo bunoze bwo gutunganya ibice bigoye binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga nka guhuza imirongo myinshi no kugenzura inzira igoye. Iyo ibikoresho rusange byimashini bitunganya ibice bigoye, inzira nyinshi hamwe na clampings nyinshi birasabwa kenshi, bigatuma gutunganya bigoye kandi byukuri biragoye kubyemeza.
(3) Kunoza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bifite imashini ihanitse kandi itajegajega, irashobora kwemeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Mu musaruro wibyiciro, ibikoresho byimashini za CNC birashobora kwemeza ko uburinganire bwukuri nuburinganire bwa geometrike buri gice kiri murwego rukomeye rwo kugenzura, birinda itandukaniro ryiza ryibicuruzwa biterwa nibintu byabantu hamwe nibikoresho bya mashini bidahungabana. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere isoko ryibicuruzwa.
(4) Korohereza ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'imicungire y'umusaruro
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora guhuzwa numuyoboro wa mudasobwa kugirango umenye amakuru yimicungire yumusaruro. Binyuze mu itumanaho rya sisitemu yo kugenzura imibare, amakuru nkimikorere yimikorere niterambere ryimashini yimashini irashobora koherezwa muri sisitemu yo gucunga umusaruro mugihe nyacyo, byorohereza gahunda yumusaruro no kugenzura ubuziranenge nabayobozi. Muri icyo gihe, imiyoborere nogukwirakwiza gahunda yo kugenzura imibare irashobora kandi gukorwa binyuze murusobe, kuzamura umusaruro no kurwego rwubuyobozi.
(1) Kumenyera ibintu byinshi bitandukanye kandi bito-bito
Hamwe no gutandukanya isoko ryamasoko, umusaruro utandukanye hamwe nuduce duto duto twabaye ikintu cyingenzi kiranga inganda zigezweho. Ibikoresho byimashini za CNC birashobora guhindura byihuse gahunda yo gutunganya ibice kugirango ihuze nibisabwa byo gutunganya ibice bitandukanye bitabaye ngombwa ko hahindurwa ibikoresho bigoye byimashini no guhindura ibikoresho. Ibi biha ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC inyungu zigaragara mubikorwa byinshi bitandukanye kandi bito-bito, bishobora kugabanya cyane umusaruro wumusaruro no kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro.
(2) Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutunganya ibice bigoye
Kubice bimwe bifite imiterere igoye nibisabwa neza, ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutunganya. Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora kugera ku buryo bunoze bwo gutunganya ibice bigoye binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga nka guhuza imirongo myinshi no kugenzura inzira igoye. Iyo ibikoresho rusange byimashini bitunganya ibice bigoye, inzira nyinshi hamwe na clampings nyinshi birasabwa kenshi, bigatuma gutunganya bigoye kandi byukuri biragoye kubyemeza.
(3) Kunoza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC bifite imashini ihanitse kandi itajegajega, irashobora kwemeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Mu musaruro wibyiciro, ibikoresho byimashini za CNC birashobora kwemeza ko uburinganire bwukuri nuburinganire bwa geometrike buri gice kiri murwego rukomeye rwo kugenzura, birinda itandukaniro ryiza ryibicuruzwa biterwa nibintu byabantu hamwe nibikoresho bya mashini bidahungabana. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mugutezimbere isoko ryibicuruzwa.
(4) Korohereza ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'imicungire y'umusaruro
Ibikoresho bya mashini ya CNC birashobora guhuzwa numuyoboro wa mudasobwa kugirango umenye amakuru yimicungire yumusaruro. Binyuze mu itumanaho rya sisitemu yo kugenzura imibare, amakuru nkimikorere yimikorere niterambere ryimashini yimashini irashobora koherezwa muri sisitemu yo gucunga umusaruro mugihe nyacyo, byorohereza gahunda yumusaruro no kugenzura ubuziranenge nabayobozi. Muri icyo gihe, imiyoborere nogukwirakwiza gahunda yo kugenzura imibare irashobora kandi gukorwa binyuze murusobe, kuzamura umusaruro no kurwego rwubuyobozi.
IV. Umwanzuro
Muri make, ugereranije nibikoresho rusange byimashini, ibikoresho byimashini za CNC bifite ibyiza byingenzi mubijyanye no gukora neza, gutunganya neza, hamwe nurwego rwo kwikora. Kugaragara no guteza imbere ibikoresho byimashini za CNC byateje imbere cyane iterambere ryinganda zitunganya imashini kandi zitanga inkunga ikomeye mugutezimbere inganda zigezweho. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, imikorere yibikoresho byimashini za CNC bizakomeza gutera imbere, kandi urwego rwo gusaba narwo ruzakomeza kwaguka. Mu nganda zizaza zikora, ibikoresho byimashini za CNC bizakomeza kugira uruhare runini kandi bibe kimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byo kumenya inganda zubwenge.
Muri make, ugereranije nibikoresho rusange byimashini, ibikoresho byimashini za CNC bifite ibyiza byingenzi mubijyanye no gukora neza, gutunganya neza, hamwe nurwego rwo kwikora. Kugaragara no guteza imbere ibikoresho byimashini za CNC byateje imbere cyane iterambere ryinganda zitunganya imashini kandi zitanga inkunga ikomeye mugutezimbere inganda zigezweho. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, imikorere yibikoresho byimashini za CNC bizakomeza gutera imbere, kandi urwego rwo gusaba narwo ruzakomeza kwaguka. Mu nganda zizaza zikora, ibikoresho byimashini za CNC bizakomeza kugira uruhare runini kandi bibe kimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byo kumenya inganda zubwenge.