Amahame yo kugura yaibigo bitunganya imashinini ibi bikurikira:
A. Guhagarara no kwizerwa. NibaHagati yo gutunganya imashiniuhitamo ntushobora gukora ushikamye kandi wizewe, bizatakaza rwose ibisobanuro byayo. Kubwibyo, mugihe uguze, ugomba kugerageza guhitamo ibicuruzwa bizwi cyane (harimo na mainframe, sisitemu yo kugenzura nibindi bikoresho), kubera ko ibyo bicuruzwa bikuze mubuhanga, bifite icyiciro runaka cyo gukora, kandi byakoreshejwe mubisanzwe mubakoresha.
B. Ibikorwa. Intego yo kugura ikigo cyimashini ihagaritse ni ugukemura ikibazo kimwe cyangwa byinshi mubikorwa. Imyitozo ni ugushoboza ikigo cyatoranijwe kugirango amaherezo agere ku ntego yagenwe kurwego rwiza. Witondere kudahana ikigo cyogukora imashini hamwe nibikorwa byinshi kandi bidashoboka kubiciro byinshi.
C. Ubukungu. Gusa mugihe ufite intego isobanutse no guhitamo intego yibikoresho byimashini urashobora kubona ibisubizo byiza hamwe nishoramari ryumvikana. Ubukungu bivuze ko ikigo cyatoranijwe gikora cyishyura ikiguzi cyo hasi cyangwa cyubukungu cyane kugirango huzuzwe ibisabwa.
D. Imikorere. Hitamo imikorere yuzuye kandi yateye imbere. Niba nta muntu ukwiye wo gukora cyangwa gahunda, kandi nta mukozi ufite ubuhanga bwo kubungabunga no kubungabunga no gusana, nubwo igikoresho cyimashini cyaba cyiza gute, ntibishoboka kugikoresha neza kandi ntikizagira uruhare rukwiye. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhisemo ikigo cyimashini, ugomba gusuzuma niba ari byiza gukora, gahunda no kubungabunga. Bitabaye ibyo, ntabwo bizazana gusa ingorane zo gukoresha, kubungabunga, kubungabunga no gusana ikigo gikora imashini, ahubwo bizanatera imyanda y'ibikoresho.
E. Ndagura hirya no hino. Shimangira ubushakashatsi ku isoko, kora inama tekinike hamwe nabakoresha bumva ishami ryikigo gikora imashini cyangwa bakoresha uburambe bwikigo gikora imashini, kandi bakumva neza uko isoko ryikigo gikora imashini murugo no mumahanga bishoboka. Tugomba gukoresha byimazeyo imurikagurisha ritandukanye kugirango duhitemo ibikoresho bifite ubuziranenge buhanitse kandi buke kandi nibikorwa byizewe, kandi duharanire guhaha hirya no hino. Witondere guhitamo ibicuruzwa bikuze kandi bihamye ukurikije ibikenewe byukuri.
Ibibazo byo kwitondera mugihe uhisemo vertical mashini ikora
A. Shyira mu gaciro imikorere yikigo gikora imashini. Mugihe uhisemo imikorere yikigo gikora imashini, ntigomba kuba nini kandi yuzuye, kuko niba gukurikirana cyane umubare wamashoka ya cooride yikigo gikora imashini, imbaraga nini zubuso bukora na moteri, niko gutunganya neza neza, hamwe nibikorwa byuzuye, uko sisitemu igenda irushaho gukomera. Amafaranga yo kugura no kuyitaho nayo aziyongera. Ni muri urwo rwego, ibiciro byo gutunganya biziyongera. Kurundi ruhande, bizatera gutakaza umutungo cyane. Kubwibyo, imashini ikora igomba gutoranywa ukurikije ibisobanuro, ingano, ubunyangamugayo, nibindi bicuruzwa.
B. Menya ibice bitunganywa. Ikigo gikora imashini kigomba gutoranywa muburyo bukurikije ibice bisanzwe bitunganijwe ukurikije ibikenewe. Nubwo ikigo cyimashini gifite ibiranga guhinduka kwinshi no guhuza n'imihindagurikire ikomeye, ingaruka nziza irashobora kugerwaho gusa mugutunganya ibice bimwe mubihe runaka. Kubwibyo, mbere yo kumenya kugura ibikoresho, tugomba mbere na mbere kumenya ibice bisanzwe bigomba gutunganywa.
C. Guhitamo neza sisitemu yo kugenzura imibare. Sisitemu yo kugenzura imibare ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwibipimo ngenderwaho hamwe n’ibipimo byiringirwa bigomba gusuzumwa ku buryo burambuye, kandi hagomba gutekerezwa uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora, gutangiza gahunda, kubungabunga no kuyobora. Gerageza guhuriza hamwe no guhuriza hamwe. Niba atari ikibazo kidasanzwe, gerageza uhitemo urukurikirane rumwe rwa sisitemu yo kugenzura umubare urwego rumenyereye kandi rukorwa nuwabikoze umwe kugirango ayobore kandi abungabunge.
D. Shiraho ibikoresho bikenewe hamwe nicyuma. Kugirango utange umukino wuzuye kuruhare rwikigo gikora imashini no kongera ubushobozi bwo gutunganya, ibikoresho nibikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho. Ntugakoreshe ibihumbi amagana cyangwa amamiriyoni yuan kugirango ugure igikoresho cyimashini, kidashobora gukoreshwa mubisanzwe kubera kubura ibikoresho cyangwa igikoresho gifite agaciro ka mirongo. Mugihe uguze ibyingenzi, gura bimwe byambaye ibice nibindi bikoresho. Inzobere mu guca ibyuma byo mu mahanga zemeza ko imikorere y’ikigo gikora imashini gifite agaciro ka $ 250.000 biterwa ahanini n’imikorere y’uruganda rwanyuma rufite agaciro ka $ 30. Birashobora kugaragara ko ikigo cyimashini gifite ibikoresho bifite imikorere myiza. Nimwe mungamba zingenzi zo kugabanya ibiciro no kongera inyungu zuzuye mubukungu. Mubisanzwe, ikigo gikora imashini kigomba kuba gifite ibikoresho bihagije kugirango bikine neza mumikorere yikigo gikora imashini, kugirango ikigo cyatoranijwe gishobora gutunganya ubwoko bwinshi bwibicuruzwa kandi bikarinda ubuswa nubusa bidakenewe.
E. Witondere kwishyiriraho, gutangiza no kwakira ikigo gikora imashini. Nyuma yo kwinjira mu ruganda, ikigo gitunganya kigomba gushyirwaho neza no kugikemura, kikaba ari ingenzi cyane kubikorwa bizaza, kubungabunga no gucunga. Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, gutangiza no kugerageza imikorere yikigo gitunganya, abatekinisiye bagomba kwitabira cyane, kwiga bitonze, no kwicisha bugufi kwakira amahugurwa ya tekiniki hamwe nubuyobozi bukorerwa kubatanga isoko. Kwemera byimazeyo geometrike yukuri, aho ihagaze neza, gukata neza, imikorere yimashini nibindi bice byikigo gikora imashini. Witondere neza kandi ubike ibikoresho bitandukanye bya tekiniki byunganira, imfashanyigisho zabakoresha, imfashanyigisho zo kubungabunga, imfashanyigisho, software ya mudasobwa n'amabwiriza, nibindi, kandi ubigumane neza, bitabaye ibyo imirimo imwe yinyongera ntizatezwa imbere mugihe kizaza kandi bizana ingorane zo kubungabunga no gufata neza ibikoresho byimashini.
Hanyuma, dukwiye gusuzuma byimazeyo serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha, inkunga ya tekiniki, guhugura abakozi, inkunga yamakuru, inkunga ya software, kwishyiriraho no gutangiza, gutanga ibikoresho byabigenewe, ibikoresho by ibikoresho nibikoresho byimashini zikora uruganda rukora imashini ihagaze.